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Myosin Heavy Chain Composition of the Human Genioglossus Muscle.

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Title: Myosin Heavy Chain Composition of the Human Genioglossus Muscle.
Authors: Daugherty, Megan1 asokolo@emory.edu, Luo, Qingwei1, Sokoloff, Alan J.1
Source: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research. Apr2012, Vol. 55 Issue 2, p609-625. 17p.
Subject Terms: *Experimental design, Tongue physiology, Skeletal muscle physiology, Confidence intervals, Deglutition, Immunohistochemistry, Myosin, Probability theory, Research funding, Speech, Western immunoblotting, Descriptive statistics
Abstract: Background: The human tongue muscle genioglossus (GG) is active in speech, swallowing, respiration, and oral transport, behaviors encompassing a wide range of tongue shapes and movement speeds. Studies demonstrate substantial diversity in patterns of human GG motor unit activation, but whether this is accompanied by complex expression of muscle contractile proteins is not known. Purpose: The authors tested for conventional myosin heavy chain (MHC) MHCI, MHCIIA, MHCIIX, developmental MHCembryonic and MHCneonatal and unconventional MHCacardiac, MHCextraocular, and MHCslow tonic in antero-superior (GG-A) and posterior (GG-P) adult human GG. Method: SDS-PAGE, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to describe MHC composition of GG-A and GG-P and the prevalence of muscle fiber MHC phenotypes in GG-A. Results: By SDS-PAGE, only conventional MHC are present with ranking from most to least prevalent MHCIIA > MHCI > MHCIIX in GG-A and MHCI > MHCIIA > MHCIIX in GG-P. By immuno-histochemistry, many muscle fibers contain MHCI, MHCIIA, and MHCIIX, but few contain developmental or unconventional MHC. GG-A is composed of 5 phenotypes (MHCIIA > MHCI-IIX > MHCI > MHCI-IIA > MHCIIX). Phenotypes MHCI, MHCIIA, and MHCI-IIX account for 96% of muscle fibers. Conclusions: Despite activation of GG during kinematically diverse behaviors and complex patterns of GG motor unit activity, the human GG is composed of conventional MHC isoforms and 3 primary MHC phenotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Myosin Heavy Chain Composition of the Human Genioglossus Muscle.
– Name: Author
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Daugherty%2C+Megan%22">Daugherty, Megan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> asokolo@emory.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luo%2C+Qingwei%22">Luo, Qingwei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sokoloff%2C+Alan+J%2E%22">Sokoloff, Alan J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Speech%2C+Language+%26+Hearing+Research%22">Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research</searchLink>. Apr2012, Vol. 55 Issue 2, p609-625. 17p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experimental+design%22">Experimental design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tongue+physiology%22">Tongue physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Skeletal+muscle+physiology%22">Skeletal muscle physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deglutition%22">Deglutition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Immunohistochemistry%22">Immunohistochemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Myosin%22">Myosin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Probability+theory%22">Probability theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech%22">Speech</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Western+immunoblotting%22">Western immunoblotting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: The human tongue muscle genioglossus (GG) is active in speech, swallowing, respiration, and oral transport, behaviors encompassing a wide range of tongue shapes and movement speeds. Studies demonstrate substantial diversity in patterns of human GG motor unit activation, but whether this is accompanied by complex expression of muscle contractile proteins is not known. Purpose: The authors tested for conventional myosin heavy chain (MHC) MHCI, MHCIIA, MHCIIX, developmental MHCembryonic and MHCneonatal and unconventional MHCacardiac, MHCextraocular, and MHCslow tonic in antero-superior (GG-A) and posterior (GG-P) adult human GG. Method: SDS-PAGE, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to describe MHC composition of GG-A and GG-P and the prevalence of muscle fiber MHC phenotypes in GG-A. Results: By SDS-PAGE, only conventional MHC are present with ranking from most to least prevalent MHCIIA > MHCI > MHCIIX in GG-A and MHCI > MHCIIA > MHCIIX in GG-P. By immuno-histochemistry, many muscle fibers contain MHCI, MHCIIA, and MHCIIX, but few contain developmental or unconventional MHC. GG-A is composed of 5 phenotypes (MHCIIA > MHCI-IIX > MHCI > MHCI-IIA > MHCIIX). Phenotypes MHCI, MHCIIA, and MHCI-IIX account for 96% of muscle fibers. Conclusions: Despite activation of GG during kinematically diverse behaviors and complex patterns of GG motor unit activity, the human GG is composed of conventional MHC isoforms and 3 primary MHC phenotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research is the property of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1044/1092-4388(2011/10-0287)
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 609
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Experimental design
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tongue physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Skeletal muscle physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deglutition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Immunohistochemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Myosin
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Probability theory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Speech
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Western immunoblotting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Myosin Heavy Chain Composition of the Human Genioglossus Muscle.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Daugherty, Megan
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            NameFull: Luo, Qingwei
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            NameFull: Sokoloff, Alan J.
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2012
              Type: published
              Y: 2012
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              Value: 55
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research
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