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Evaluation of environmental and physiological indicators in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress.

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Title: Evaluation of environmental and physiological indicators in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress.
Authors: Shu, Hang1,2 (AUTHOR), Guo, Leifeng1 (AUTHOR), Bindelle, Jérôme2 (AUTHOR), Fang, Tingting3 (AUTHOR), Xing, Mingjie3 (AUTHOR), Sun, Fuyu3 (AUTHOR), Chen, Xiaoyang3 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Wenju1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Wensheng1 (AUTHOR) wangwensheng@caas.cn
Source: International Journal of Biometeorology. Jun2022, Vol. 66 Issue 6, p1219-1232. 14p.
Subject Terms: *Dairy cattle, *Environmental indicators, *Holstein-Friesian cattle, *Cows, *Lactation, *Dairy farms, *Body temperature
Abstract: This study aimed to better understand environmental heat stress and physiological heat strain indicators in lactating dairy cows. Sixteen heat stress indicators were derived using microenvironmental parameters that were measured at the surrounding of cows and at usual fixed locations in the barn by using handheld and fixed subarea sensors, respectively. Twenty high-producing Holstein–Friesian dairy cows (> 30.0 kg/day) from an intensive dairy farm were chosen to measure respiration rate (RR), vaginal temperature (VT), and body surface temperature of forehead (FT), eye (ET), and muzzle (MT). Our results show that microenvironments measured by the handheld sensor were slightly warmer and drier than those measured by the fixed subarea sensor; however, their derived heat stress indicators correlated equally well with physiological indicators. Interestingly, ambient temperature (Ta) had the highest correlations with physiological indicators and the best classification performance in recognizing actual heat strain state. Using segmented mixed models, the determined Ta thresholds for maximum FT, mean FT, RR, maximum ET, mean ET, VT, mean MT, and maximum MT were 24.1 °C, 24.2 °C, 24.4 °C, 24.6 °C, 24.6 °C, 25.3 °C, 25.4 °C, and 25.4 °C, respectively. Thus, we concluded that the fixed subarea sensor is a reliable tool for measuring cows' microenvironments; Ta is an appropriate heat stress indicator; FT, RR, and ET are good early heat strain indicators. The results of this study could be helpful for dairy practitioners in a similar intensive setting to detect and respond to heat strain with more appropriate indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 157068574
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Evaluation of environmental and physiological indicators in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shu%2C+Hang%22">Shu, Hang</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guo%2C+Leifeng%22">Guo, Leifeng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bindelle%2C+Jérôme%22">Bindelle, Jérôme</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fang%2C+Tingting%22">Fang, Tingting</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xing%2C+Mingjie%22">Xing, Mingjie</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Fuyu%22">Sun, Fuyu</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Xiaoyang%22">Chen, Xiaoyang</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Wenju%22">Zhang, Wenju</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Wensheng%22">Wang, Wensheng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> wangwensheng@caas.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Biometeorology%22">International Journal of Biometeorology</searchLink>. Jun2022, Vol. 66 Issue 6, p1219-1232. 14p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dairy+cattle%22">Dairy cattle</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+indicators%22">Environmental indicators</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Holstein-Friesian+cattle%22">Holstein-Friesian cattle</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cows%22">Cows</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lactation%22">Lactation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dairy+farms%22">Dairy farms</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Body+temperature%22">Body temperature</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study aimed to better understand environmental heat stress and physiological heat strain indicators in lactating dairy cows. Sixteen heat stress indicators were derived using microenvironmental parameters that were measured at the surrounding of cows and at usual fixed locations in the barn by using handheld and fixed subarea sensors, respectively. Twenty high-producing Holstein–Friesian dairy cows (> 30.0 kg/day) from an intensive dairy farm were chosen to measure respiration rate (RR), vaginal temperature (VT), and body surface temperature of forehead (FT), eye (ET), and muzzle (MT). Our results show that microenvironments measured by the handheld sensor were slightly warmer and drier than those measured by the fixed subarea sensor; however, their derived heat stress indicators correlated equally well with physiological indicators. Interestingly, ambient temperature (Ta) had the highest correlations with physiological indicators and the best classification performance in recognizing actual heat strain state. Using segmented mixed models, the determined Ta thresholds for maximum FT, mean FT, RR, maximum ET, mean ET, VT, mean MT, and maximum MT were 24.1 °C, 24.2 °C, 24.4 °C, 24.6 °C, 24.6 °C, 25.3 °C, 25.4 °C, and 25.4 °C, respectively. Thus, we concluded that the fixed subarea sensor is a reliable tool for measuring cows' microenvironments; Ta is an appropriate heat stress indicator; FT, RR, and ET are good early heat strain indicators. The results of this study could be helpful for dairy practitioners in a similar intensive setting to detect and respond to heat strain with more appropriate indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s00484-022-02270-w
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1219
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Dairy cattle
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Environmental indicators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Holstein-Friesian cattle
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cows
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lactation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dairy farms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Body temperature
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Evaluation of environmental and physiological indicators in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Shu, Hang
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            NameFull: Guo, Leifeng
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            NameFull: Bindelle, Jérôme
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            NameFull: Fang, Tingting
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            NameFull: Xing, Mingjie
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            NameFull: Sun, Fuyu
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            NameFull: Chen, Xiaoyang
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            NameFull: Zhang, Wenju
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            NameFull: Wang, Wensheng
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2022
              Type: published
              Y: 2022
          Identifiers:
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              Value: 00207128
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              Value: 66
            – Type: issue
              Value: 6
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: International Journal of Biometeorology
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