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Eruptive history of Mason Spur, a Miocene—Pleistocene polygenetic volcanic complex in southern Victoria Land, West Antarctic Rift System, Antarctica.

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Title: Eruptive history of Mason Spur, a Miocene—Pleistocene polygenetic volcanic complex in southern Victoria Land, West Antarctic Rift System, Antarctica.
Authors: Smellie, John L.1 (AUTHOR) jls55@le.ac.uk, Martin, Adam P.2 (AUTHOR), Di Vincenzo, Gianfranco3 (AUTHOR), Townsend, Dougal B.4 (AUTHOR), Heizler, Matthew T.5 (AUTHOR), Ruth, Dawn C. S.5,6 (AUTHOR)
Source: Bulletin of Volcanology. Oct2022, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p1-29. 29p.
Subject Terms: *Lava domes, *Miocene Epoch, *Pleistocene Epoch, *Drill cores, *Trachyte, *Volcanic eruptions, *Rifts (Geology)
Geographic Terms: Victoria Land (Antarctica), McMurdo Sound (Antarctica), Antarctica
Abstract: Mason Spur is a deeply eroded Middle Miocene to Pleistocene (c. 13 to 0.37 Ma) volcanic complex in southern Victoria Land, within the West Antarctic Rift System (WARS). The oldest rocks include a large volume of trachyte ignimbrites that provided abundant volcanic detritus recovered in McMurdo Sound drill cores. The ignimbrites together with early-formed intrusions were strongly deformed during a substantial caldera collapse at c. 13 Ma. Intense erosion modified the volcanic landscape, creating a paleo-relief of several hundred metres. Deep ravines were cut and filled by deposits of multiple lahars probably linked to gravitational collapses of trachyte dome(s). Small-volume trachytic magmas were also erupted, forming lavas and at least one tuff cone. The youngest trachytic activity comprises a lava dome and related block-and-ash-flow deposits, erupted at 6 Ma. Basanite erupted throughout the history of the complex and eruptions younger than 12 Ma are almost exclusively basanite, forming scoria cones, water-cooled lavas, and tuff cones. Three peripheral outcrops are composed of basanitic 'a'ā lava-fed deltas, probably erupted from vents on neighbouring volcanoes at Mount Discovery and Mount Morning. Abundant ignimbrite deposits at Mason Spur differentiate this volcanic complex from others in the WARS. Eruptions were triggered by rift extension initially, yielding the voluminous trachytes sourced from a magma chamber on the margin of the WARS. Later mafic eruptions were associated with deep crustal faults related to residual intraplate deformation. These results add important details to the eruptive history of the intracontinental WARS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Eruptive history of Mason Spur, a Miocene—Pleistocene polygenetic volcanic complex in southern Victoria Land, West Antarctic Rift System, Antarctica.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smellie%2C+John+L%2E%22">Smellie, John L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jls55@le.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martin%2C+Adam+P%2E%22">Martin, Adam P.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Di+Vincenzo%2C+Gianfranco%22">Di Vincenzo, Gianfranco</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Townsend%2C+Dougal+B%2E%22">Townsend, Dougal B.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heizler%2C+Matthew+T%2E%22">Heizler, Matthew T.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ruth%2C+Dawn+C%2E+S%2E%22">Ruth, Dawn C. S.</searchLink><relatesTo>5,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Bulletin+of+Volcanology%22">Bulletin of Volcanology</searchLink>. Oct2022, Vol. 84 Issue 10, p1-29. 29p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lava+domes%22">Lava domes</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Miocene+Epoch%22">Miocene Epoch</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pleistocene+Epoch%22">Pleistocene Epoch</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drill+cores%22">Drill cores</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Trachyte%22">Trachyte</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Volcanic+eruptions%22">Volcanic eruptions</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rifts+%28Geology%29%22">Rifts (Geology)</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Victoria+Land+%28Antarctica%29%22">Victoria Land (Antarctica)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22McMurdo+Sound+%28Antarctica%29%22">McMurdo Sound (Antarctica)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antarctica%22">Antarctica</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Mason Spur is a deeply eroded Middle Miocene to Pleistocene (c. 13 to 0.37 Ma) volcanic complex in southern Victoria Land, within the West Antarctic Rift System (WARS). The oldest rocks include a large volume of trachyte ignimbrites that provided abundant volcanic detritus recovered in McMurdo Sound drill cores. The ignimbrites together with early-formed intrusions were strongly deformed during a substantial caldera collapse at c. 13 Ma. Intense erosion modified the volcanic landscape, creating a paleo-relief of several hundred metres. Deep ravines were cut and filled by deposits of multiple lahars probably linked to gravitational collapses of trachyte dome(s). Small-volume trachytic magmas were also erupted, forming lavas and at least one tuff cone. The youngest trachytic activity comprises a lava dome and related block-and-ash-flow deposits, erupted at 6 Ma. Basanite erupted throughout the history of the complex and eruptions younger than 12 Ma are almost exclusively basanite, forming scoria cones, water-cooled lavas, and tuff cones. Three peripheral outcrops are composed of basanitic 'a'ā lava-fed deltas, probably erupted from vents on neighbouring volcanoes at Mount Discovery and Mount Morning. Abundant ignimbrite deposits at Mason Spur differentiate this volcanic complex from others in the WARS. Eruptions were triggered by rift extension initially, yielding the voluminous trachytes sourced from a magma chamber on the margin of the WARS. Later mafic eruptions were associated with deep crustal faults related to residual intraplate deformation. These results add important details to the eruptive history of the intracontinental WARS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s00445-022-01601-4
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 29
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Lava domes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Miocene Epoch
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pleistocene Epoch
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Drill cores
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Trachyte
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Volcanic eruptions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rifts (Geology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Victoria Land (Antarctica)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: McMurdo Sound (Antarctica)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Antarctica
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Eruptive history of Mason Spur, a Miocene—Pleistocene polygenetic volcanic complex in southern Victoria Land, West Antarctic Rift System, Antarctica.
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              M: 10
              Text: Oct2022
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              Y: 2022
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