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Integration of Near-Surface Complementary Geophysical Techniques for the Study of Ancient Archaeological Areas in the Atacama Desert (Pampa Iluga, Northern Chile).

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Title: Integration of Near-Surface Complementary Geophysical Techniques for the Study of Ancient Archaeological Areas in the Atacama Desert (Pampa Iluga, Northern Chile).
Authors: Gallegos-Poch, Fernanda1 (AUTHOR) fagallegos@uc.cl, Viguier, Benoît2,3,4 (AUTHOR), Menanno, Giovanni1,5 (AUTHOR), Mandakovic, Valentina6 (AUTHOR), Yáñez, Gonzalo1 (AUTHOR), Gutiérrez, Sergio1 (AUTHOR), Lizarde, Catalina1 (AUTHOR), Vargas Araya, Jaime4,7 (AUTHOR), López-Contreras, Camila1,4 (AUTHOR), Mendez-Quiros, Pablo8 (AUTHOR), Maldonado, Antonio9,10 (AUTHOR), Uribe, Mauricio11 (AUTHOR)
Source: Surveys in Geophysics. Apr2023, Vol. 44 Issue 2, p495-525. 31p.
Subject Terms: *Ground penetrating radar, *Archaeological geology, *Alluvium, *Deserts, *Electromagnetic induction, *Archaeological excavations
Geographic Terms: Atacama Desert (Chile), Pampas (Argentina), Chile
Abstract: Near-surface geophysical techniques are useful for the characterization of archaeological areas because of their ability to rapidly cover wide extensions and obtain high-resolution data to identify the location for archaeological excavations. However, in hyperarid environments usual geophysical techniques may fail to obtain the expected results due to the dry near surface. This study proposes an integration of ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques, to elucidate the origin of thousands of aligned circular features located at the Iluga archaeological area emplaced on one of the driest places on Earth (Pampa del Tamarugal, Atacama Desert). The GPR was useful to recognize alluvial deposits, sandy aeolian filling in pre-existing holes and roots right underneath circular features. Magnetic susceptibility data derived from the EMI in-phase component, usually considered a complementary result, were useful to identify fireplaces in the vicinity of the alignments. These geophysical findings were verified with an archaeological excavation. It has been found that circular features resulted from an extensive deforestation process in the Pampa del Tamarugal, consisting in the extraction of both trunk and roots of algarrobos (Prosopis chilensis) or tamarugos (Prosopis tamarugo), likely for recent charcoal production. The proposed methodology delivers promising results for archaeological and shallow geological studies in hyperarid and dry environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Integration of Near-Surface Complementary Geophysical Techniques for the Study of Ancient Archaeological Areas in the Atacama Desert (Pampa Iluga, Northern Chile).
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gallegos-Poch%2C+Fernanda%22">Gallegos-Poch, Fernanda</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> fagallegos@uc.cl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Viguier%2C+Benoît%22">Viguier, Benoît</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Menanno%2C+Giovanni%22">Menanno, Giovanni</searchLink><relatesTo>1,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mandakovic%2C+Valentina%22">Mandakovic, Valentina</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yáñez%2C+Gonzalo%22">Yáñez, Gonzalo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gutiérrez%2C+Sergio%22">Gutiérrez, Sergio</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lizarde%2C+Catalina%22">Lizarde, Catalina</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vargas+Araya%2C+Jaime%22">Vargas Araya, Jaime</searchLink><relatesTo>4,7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22López-Contreras%2C+Camila%22">López-Contreras, Camila</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mendez-Quiros%2C+Pablo%22">Mendez-Quiros, Pablo</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maldonado%2C+Antonio%22">Maldonado, Antonio</searchLink><relatesTo>9,10</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Uribe%2C+Mauricio%22">Uribe, Mauricio</searchLink><relatesTo>11</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Surveys+in+Geophysics%22">Surveys in Geophysics</searchLink>. Apr2023, Vol. 44 Issue 2, p495-525. 31p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ground+penetrating+radar%22">Ground penetrating radar</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Archaeological+geology%22">Archaeological geology</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alluvium%22">Alluvium</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deserts%22">Deserts</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electromagnetic+induction%22">Electromagnetic induction</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Archaeological+excavations%22">Archaeological excavations</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atacama+Desert+%28Chile%29%22">Atacama Desert (Chile)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pampas+%28Argentina%29%22">Pampas (Argentina)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chile%22">Chile</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Near-surface geophysical techniques are useful for the characterization of archaeological areas because of their ability to rapidly cover wide extensions and obtain high-resolution data to identify the location for archaeological excavations. However, in hyperarid environments usual geophysical techniques may fail to obtain the expected results due to the dry near surface. This study proposes an integration of ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques, to elucidate the origin of thousands of aligned circular features located at the Iluga archaeological area emplaced on one of the driest places on Earth (Pampa del Tamarugal, Atacama Desert). The GPR was useful to recognize alluvial deposits, sandy aeolian filling in pre-existing holes and roots right underneath circular features. Magnetic susceptibility data derived from the EMI in-phase component, usually considered a complementary result, were useful to identify fireplaces in the vicinity of the alignments. These geophysical findings were verified with an archaeological excavation. It has been found that circular features resulted from an extensive deforestation process in the Pampa del Tamarugal, consisting in the extraction of both trunk and roots of algarrobos (Prosopis chilensis) or tamarugos (Prosopis tamarugo), likely for recent charcoal production. The proposed methodology delivers promising results for archaeological and shallow geological studies in hyperarid and dry environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=162259017
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10712-022-09750-z
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 31
        StartPage: 495
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Ground penetrating radar
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Archaeological geology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alluvium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deserts
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electromagnetic induction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Archaeological excavations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atacama Desert (Chile)
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      – SubjectFull: Pampas (Argentina)
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      – SubjectFull: Chile
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              M: 04
              Text: Apr2023
              Type: published
              Y: 2023
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