Lessons learned from the 1980–1986 eruption of the Mount St. Helens composite lava dome.
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| Title: | Lessons learned from the 1980–1986 eruption of the Mount St. Helens composite lava dome. |
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| Authors: | Fink, Jonathan1 (AUTHOR) jon.fink@pdx.edu, Anderson, Steven2 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Bulletin of Volcanology. Jun2023, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p1-13. 13p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Lava domes, *Mechanical models, *Remote sensing, *Twentieth century, *Extrusion process, *Thrust belts (Geology) |
| Geographic Terms: | Mount Saint Helens (Wash.) |
| Abstract: | After its cataclysmic explosive eruptive activity on May 18, 1980, most of the output of Mount St. Helens (MSH) for the next six and a half years was quietly extruding lava, which built up one of the best documented and most instructive lava domes of the twentieth century. The unprecedented amount of data collected about the growth of the dome led to a profusion of new models and concepts. In this paper, we first describe some of the early mechanical models and then focus on three specific aspects of the emplacement of the MSH lava dome that were measurable in particularly great detail: the partitioning between exogenous and endogenous styles of growth; the distribution of vesicular textures and their relationship to volatile contents and eruptive conditions; and the presence of characteristic structural features like fractures, folds, and spines. Taken together, these three overlapping physical manifestations of magmatic behavior, evidence of which may be preserved in the geologic record or observed with remote sensing, can provide insights about whether a quietly extruding dome is likely to exhibit dangerous endogenic pyroclastic behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Database: | Energy & Power Source |
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| Header | DbId: enr DbLabel: Energy & Power Source An: 164397641 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Lessons learned from the 1980–1986 eruption of the Mount St. Helens composite lava dome. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fink%2C+Jonathan%22">Fink, Jonathan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jon.fink@pdx.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anderson%2C+Steven%22">Anderson, Steven</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Bulletin+of+Volcanology%22">Bulletin of Volcanology</searchLink>. Jun2023, Vol. 85 Issue 6, p1-13. 13p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lava+domes%22">Lava domes</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+models%22">Mechanical models</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Remote+sensing%22">Remote sensing</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Twentieth+century%22">Twentieth century</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Extrusion+process%22">Extrusion process</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thrust+belts+%28Geology%29%22">Thrust belts (Geology)</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mount+Saint+Helens+%28Wash%2E%29%22">Mount Saint Helens (Wash.)</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: After its cataclysmic explosive eruptive activity on May 18, 1980, most of the output of Mount St. Helens (MSH) for the next six and a half years was quietly extruding lava, which built up one of the best documented and most instructive lava domes of the twentieth century. The unprecedented amount of data collected about the growth of the dome led to a profusion of new models and concepts. In this paper, we first describe some of the early mechanical models and then focus on three specific aspects of the emplacement of the MSH lava dome that were measurable in particularly great detail: the partitioning between exogenous and endogenous styles of growth; the distribution of vesicular textures and their relationship to volatile contents and eruptive conditions; and the presence of characteristic structural features like fractures, folds, and spines. Taken together, these three overlapping physical manifestations of magmatic behavior, evidence of which may be preserved in the geologic record or observed with remote sensing, can provide insights about whether a quietly extruding dome is likely to exhibit dangerous endogenic pyroclastic behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=164397641 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s00445-023-01642-3 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 13 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Lava domes Type: general – SubjectFull: Mechanical models Type: general – SubjectFull: Remote sensing Type: general – SubjectFull: Twentieth century Type: general – SubjectFull: Extrusion process Type: general – SubjectFull: Thrust belts (Geology) Type: general – SubjectFull: Mount Saint Helens (Wash.) Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Lessons learned from the 1980–1986 eruption of the Mount St. Helens composite lava dome. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Fink, Jonathan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Anderson, Steven IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 06 Text: Jun2023 Type: published Y: 2023 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 02588900 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 85 – Type: issue Value: 6 Titles: – TitleFull: Bulletin of Volcanology Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
