View in EDS

Geological resources of scandium: a review from a Chinese perspective.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Geological resources of scandium: a review from a Chinese perspective.
Authors: Liu, Shang1,2 (AUTHOR) liushang@lzu.edu.cn, Fan, Hong-Rui2,3,4 (AUTHOR), Santosh, M.5,6 (AUTHOR), Liu, Xuan7 (AUTHOR), Wang, Qi-Wei2 (AUTHOR), Butcher, Alan R.7 (AUTHOR)
Source: International Geology Review. Nov2023, Vol. 65 Issue 19, p3065-3086. 22p.
Subject Terms: *Scandium, *Hydrothermal deposits, *Terbium, *Marine sediments, *Rare earth oxides, *Iron oxides, *Pegmatites
Abstract: Scandium (Sc) is a dispersed metal in Earth's lithosphere, with an average abundance of 16 to 22 ppm. In the meantime, it is widely considered as a critical metal because of its paramount significance in scientific research and technical innovation. With surging demands that are not backed-up by current supplies globally, the market price of Sc oxide is astonishingly five times more than the most expensive rare earth oxide of terbium (Tb). Production of Sc is significantly held back due to scarcity of economically viable grades at explorable depths within the crust, compared with other critical metals such as REE, Nb and Ta. Nevertheless, typical high- to intermediate-grade Sc deposits, as compiled in this review, consistently show close relationships to specific magmatic (e.g. ultramafic-mafic and carbonatitic), supergene and hydrothermal processes during Sc enrichment, especially the former two. Known potential Sc deposits are tentatively classified based on their host rocks and metallogeny, including those hosted in the ultramafic-mafic rocks and related laterites, in carbonatite and related laterites, in bauxite residue and processed coals, hydrothermal Sc deposits and Sc deposits related to syenite intrusions, pegmatites or marine sediments. We also discuss the Sc enrichment mechanism and associated tectonics and partition coefficients of Sc among diverse minerals and melts, which reveal the preference of Sc for clinopyroxene, garnet and iron oxides by isomorphic replacement or ion absorption during diverse magmatic and supergene Sc enrichment processes. Lastly, Sc resources in the world-class Bayan Obo deposit are discussed in detail as an illustrative benchmark example, where hydrothermal aegirine may host majority of carbonatite-derived Sc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 172994544
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Geological resources of scandium: a review from a Chinese perspective.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Shang%22">Liu, Shang</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> liushang@lzu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fan%2C+Hong-Rui%22">Fan, Hong-Rui</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Santosh%2C+M%2E%22">Santosh, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>5,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Xuan%22">Liu, Xuan</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Qi-Wei%22">Wang, Qi-Wei</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Butcher%2C+Alan+R%2E%22">Butcher, Alan R.</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Geology+Review%22">International Geology Review</searchLink>. Nov2023, Vol. 65 Issue 19, p3065-3086. 22p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scandium%22">Scandium</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrothermal+deposits%22">Hydrothermal deposits</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Terbium%22">Terbium</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Marine+sediments%22">Marine sediments</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rare+earth+oxides%22">Rare earth oxides</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Iron+oxides%22">Iron oxides</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pegmatites%22">Pegmatites</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Scandium (Sc) is a dispersed metal in Earth's lithosphere, with an average abundance of 16 to 22 ppm. In the meantime, it is widely considered as a critical metal because of its paramount significance in scientific research and technical innovation. With surging demands that are not backed-up by current supplies globally, the market price of Sc oxide is astonishingly five times more than the most expensive rare earth oxide of terbium (Tb). Production of Sc is significantly held back due to scarcity of economically viable grades at explorable depths within the crust, compared with other critical metals such as REE, Nb and Ta. Nevertheless, typical high- to intermediate-grade Sc deposits, as compiled in this review, consistently show close relationships to specific magmatic (e.g. ultramafic-mafic and carbonatitic), supergene and hydrothermal processes during Sc enrichment, especially the former two. Known potential Sc deposits are tentatively classified based on their host rocks and metallogeny, including those hosted in the ultramafic-mafic rocks and related laterites, in carbonatite and related laterites, in bauxite residue and processed coals, hydrothermal Sc deposits and Sc deposits related to syenite intrusions, pegmatites or marine sediments. We also discuss the Sc enrichment mechanism and associated tectonics and partition coefficients of Sc among diverse minerals and melts, which reveal the preference of Sc for clinopyroxene, garnet and iron oxides by isomorphic replacement or ion absorption during diverse magmatic and supergene Sc enrichment processes. Lastly, Sc resources in the world-class Bayan Obo deposit are discussed in detail as an illustrative benchmark example, where hydrothermal aegirine may host majority of carbonatite-derived Sc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=172994544
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/00206814.2023.2169842
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 22
        StartPage: 3065
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Scandium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrothermal deposits
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Terbium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Marine sediments
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rare earth oxides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iron oxides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pegmatites
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Geological resources of scandium: a review from a Chinese perspective.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Liu, Shang
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Fan, Hong-Rui
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Santosh, M.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Liu, Xuan
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wang, Qi-Wei
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Butcher, Alan R.
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 11
              Text: Nov2023
              Type: published
              Y: 2023
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 00206814
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 65
            – Type: issue
              Value: 19
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: International Geology Review
              Type: main
ResultId 1