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Airborne Investigation of Riming: Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics within a Weak Convective System in North China.

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Title: Airborne Investigation of Riming: Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics within a Weak Convective System in North China.
Authors: Hu, Xiangfeng1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Huang, Hao1,4 (AUTHOR) huanghao@nju.edu.cn, Hou, Shaoyu2,3 (AUTHOR), Zhao, Kun1,4 (AUTHOR) zhaokun@nju.edu.cn, Zhao, Chuanfeng5 (AUTHOR), Lu, Yinghui1,4 (AUTHOR), Yang, Jiefang6 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Rong7 (AUTHOR), Zhao, Delong8 (AUTHOR), Liu, Weiguo7 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Dan2 (AUTHOR), Xiao, Haixia9 (AUTHOR)
Source: Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. Mar2025, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p515-526. 12p.
Subject Terms: *Stratus clouds, *Particle size distribution, *Boundary layer (Aerodynamics), *Collisions (Nuclear physics), *Microphysics
Abstract (English): The process of riming significantly impacts the microphysical characteristics of clouds. This study uses aircraft and radar observation data in stratiform clouds with convection embedded that occurred in the central and southern regions of North China on 22 May 2017. The microphysical structural characteristics and processes near the embedded convection core and in the stratiform cloud are analyzed comparatively. Particular attention is given to the effect of riming on the microphysical properties near the upper boundary of the melting layer and to the factors influencing riming efficiency. The collaborative observations reveal that the particle size distributions observed near the convection core and in the stratiform region are close, while the particle properties like habit and riming degree are quite different. Above the melting layer, larger plate-like ice particles and supercooled water droplets (D > 50 μm) are more abundant near the convective core, leading to higher collision efficiencies between ice particles and supercooled water droplets. Larger fluctuation amplitudes of vertical airflow near the convective core also contribute to the increased riming activity and the formation of more heavily rimed particles, such as graupel. Furthermore, in situ measurements from airborne probes also revealed that above the melting layer, the riming process involves two stages: the mass of snow crystals grows as supercooled droplets merge internally without changing size, followed by external freezing that significantly enlarges the crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Chinese): 摘 要: 凇附过程显著影响云的微物理特征。 本研究利用2017年5月22日华北中南部地区一次积层混合云的飞机和雷达观测数据, 对比分析了对流泡附近和层云区的微物理结构特征及过程。 重点关注了凇附对融化层上边界附近微物理特性的影响, 以及影响凇附效率的因素。 协同观测结果表明, 尽管对流泡附近和层云区的粒子谱分布特征相似, 但冰晶形态和粒子凇附程度存在显著差异。 融化层以上, 对流泡附近丰富的较大尺寸板状冰晶和过冷液滴(D > 50 μm), 使得冰粒子和过冷水滴之间的碰并效率提高。 对流泡附近较大的垂直气流扰动增强凇附过程活跃度, 促进重度凇附冰粒子(如霰粒子)的形成。 同时, 机载探头原位观测数据表明, 融化层以上凇附过程主要有两个阶段: 首先, 过冷液滴填充冰雪晶内部结构, 使得冰粒子质量增加但尺度维持不变; 此后, 过冷液滴在冰晶表面冻结增长, 显著增加冰粒子尺度。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Airborne Investigation of Riming: Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics within a Weak Convective System in North China.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hu%2C+Xiangfeng%22">Hu, Xiangfeng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Huang%2C+Hao%22">Huang, Hao</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> huanghao@nju.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hou%2C+Shaoyu%22">Hou, Shaoyu</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Kun%22">Zhao, Kun</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zhaokun@nju.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Chuanfeng%22">Zhao, Chuanfeng</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lu%2C+Yinghui%22">Lu, Yinghui</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yang%2C+Jiefang%22">Yang, Jiefang</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Rong%22">Zhang, Rong</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Delong%22">Zhao, Delong</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Weiguo%22">Liu, Weiguo</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Dan%22">Zhang, Dan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiao%2C+Haixia%22">Xiao, Haixia</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Advances+in+Atmospheric+Sciences%22">Advances in Atmospheric Sciences</searchLink>. Mar2025, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p515-526. 12p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stratus+clouds%22">Stratus clouds</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Particle+size+distribution%22">Particle size distribution</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Boundary+layer+%28Aerodynamics%29%22">Boundary layer (Aerodynamics)</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Collisions+%28Nuclear+physics%29%22">Collisions (Nuclear physics)</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microphysics%22">Microphysics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
  Group: Ab
  Data: The process of riming significantly impacts the microphysical characteristics of clouds. This study uses aircraft and radar observation data in stratiform clouds with convection embedded that occurred in the central and southern regions of North China on 22 May 2017. The microphysical structural characteristics and processes near the embedded convection core and in the stratiform cloud are analyzed comparatively. Particular attention is given to the effect of riming on the microphysical properties near the upper boundary of the melting layer and to the factors influencing riming efficiency. The collaborative observations reveal that the particle size distributions observed near the convection core and in the stratiform region are close, while the particle properties like habit and riming degree are quite different. Above the melting layer, larger plate-like ice particles and supercooled water droplets (D > 50 μm) are more abundant near the convective core, leading to higher collision efficiencies between ice particles and supercooled water droplets. Larger fluctuation amplitudes of vertical airflow near the convective core also contribute to the increased riming activity and the formation of more heavily rimed particles, such as graupel. Furthermore, in situ measurements from airborne probes also revealed that above the melting layer, the riming process involves two stages: the mass of snow crystals grows as supercooled droplets merge internally without changing size, followed by external freezing that significantly enlarges the crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Chinese)
  Group: Ab
  Data: 摘 要: 凇附过程显著影响云的微物理特征。 本研究利用2017年5月22日华北中南部地区一次积层混合云的飞机和雷达观测数据, 对比分析了对流泡附近和层云区的微物理结构特征及过程。 重点关注了凇附对融化层上边界附近微物理特性的影响, 以及影响凇附效率的因素。 协同观测结果表明, 尽管对流泡附近和层云区的粒子谱分布特征相似, 但冰晶形态和粒子凇附程度存在显著差异。 融化层以上, 对流泡附近丰富的较大尺寸板状冰晶和过冷液滴(D > 50 μm), 使得冰粒子和过冷水滴之间的碰并效率提高。 对流泡附近较大的垂直气流扰动增强凇附过程活跃度, 促进重度凇附冰粒子(如霰粒子)的形成。 同时, 机载探头原位观测数据表明, 融化层以上凇附过程主要有两个阶段: 首先, 过冷液滴填充冰雪晶内部结构, 使得冰粒子质量增加但尺度维持不变; 此后, 过冷液滴在冰晶表面冻结增长, 显著增加冰粒子尺度。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s00376-024-4137-3
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 515
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Stratus clouds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Particle size distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Boundary layer (Aerodynamics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Collisions (Nuclear physics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microphysics
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Airborne Investigation of Riming: Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics within a Weak Convective System in North China.
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            NameFull: Hu, Xiangfeng
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            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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