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Root-shoot allometry and drought response of dominant and co-dominant European beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in monospecific versus mixed-species stands in Bavaria, Germany.

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Title: Root-shoot allometry and drought response of dominant and co-dominant European beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in monospecific versus mixed-species stands in Bavaria, Germany.
Authors: Ulbricht, Matthias1 (AUTHOR) matthias.ulbricht@tum.de, Biber, Peter1 (AUTHOR) p.biber@tum.de, Rötzer, Thomas1 (AUTHOR) thomas.roetzer@tum.de, Uhl, Enno2 (AUTHOR) enno.uhl@lwf.bayern.de, Pretzsch, Hans1 (AUTHOR) hans.pretzsch@tum.de
Source: European Journal of Forest Research. Oct2025, Vol. 144 Issue 5, p981-1001. 21p.
Subject Terms: *European beech, *Norway spruce, *Climate change, *Monoculture agriculture, *Mixed forests, *Plant growth, *Droughts
Geographic Terms: Bavaria (Germany)
Abstract: Climate change and associated drought stress significantly impact tree root systems and canopies, essential for water and nutrient provision. We examined the root-shoot allometry of dominant European beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in monospecific and mixed-species stands across five triplets along a climatic and geological gradient from North to South Bavaria, focusing on their drought responses. We used Lloret indices of resistance, resilience, and recovery to assess the effects of the exceptionally hot drought year of 2003 on root and shoot growth. Data were categorized by stand type: beech pure (BP), beech mixed (BM), spruce pure (SP), and spruce mixed (SM). Results showed that the allometric factor decreased in the order SP (− 2.986) > SM (− 3.960) > BP (− 7.434) > BM (− 8.628), and the allometric exponent in the order BM (3.159) > BP (2.795) > SM (1.914) > SP (1.657), with significant differences between species. For European beech, the allometric factor was significantly affected by stand density and site index, and the allometric exponent by tree species, mixed stand type, and site index. European beech exhibited higher resistance and resilience in shoot growth compared to Norway spruce, with no significant influence from stand type. Root growth patterns were similar, with European beech being more resilient and resistant than Norway spruce, although to a lesser extent. European beech also recovered faster than Norway spruce, with significant differences between their respective monospecific stands. We concluded that root growth for both species was enhanced compared to shoot growth, improving anchoring and the supply of water and nutrients to the aboveground tree organs. European beech experienced less drought stress than Norway spruce, attributed to differences in their physiology and root system characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Root-shoot allometry and drought response of dominant and co-dominant European beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in monospecific versus mixed-species stands in Bavaria, Germany.
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ulbricht%2C+Matthias%22">Ulbricht, Matthias</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> matthias.ulbricht@tum.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Biber%2C+Peter%22">Biber, Peter</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> p.biber@tum.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rötzer%2C+Thomas%22">Rötzer, Thomas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> thomas.roetzer@tum.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Uhl%2C+Enno%22">Uhl, Enno</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> enno.uhl@lwf.bayern.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pretzsch%2C+Hans%22">Pretzsch, Hans</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> hans.pretzsch@tum.de</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Forest+Research%22">European Journal of Forest Research</searchLink>. Oct2025, Vol. 144 Issue 5, p981-1001. 21p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22European+beech%22">European beech</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Norway+spruce%22">Norway spruce</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Climate+change%22">Climate change</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Monoculture+agriculture%22">Monoculture agriculture</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mixed+forests%22">Mixed forests</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+growth%22">Plant growth</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Droughts%22">Droughts</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bavaria+%28Germany%29%22">Bavaria (Germany)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Climate change and associated drought stress significantly impact tree root systems and canopies, essential for water and nutrient provision. We examined the root-shoot allometry of dominant European beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in monospecific and mixed-species stands across five triplets along a climatic and geological gradient from North to South Bavaria, focusing on their drought responses. We used Lloret indices of resistance, resilience, and recovery to assess the effects of the exceptionally hot drought year of 2003 on root and shoot growth. Data were categorized by stand type: beech pure (BP), beech mixed (BM), spruce pure (SP), and spruce mixed (SM). Results showed that the allometric factor decreased in the order SP (− 2.986) > SM (− 3.960) > BP (− 7.434) > BM (− 8.628), and the allometric exponent in the order BM (3.159) > BP (2.795) > SM (1.914) > SP (1.657), with significant differences between species. For European beech, the allometric factor was significantly affected by stand density and site index, and the allometric exponent by tree species, mixed stand type, and site index. European beech exhibited higher resistance and resilience in shoot growth compared to Norway spruce, with no significant influence from stand type. Root growth patterns were similar, with European beech being more resilient and resistant than Norway spruce, although to a lesser extent. European beech also recovered faster than Norway spruce, with significant differences between their respective monospecific stands. We concluded that root growth for both species was enhanced compared to shoot growth, improving anchoring and the supply of water and nutrients to the aboveground tree organs. European beech experienced less drought stress than Norway spruce, attributed to differences in their physiology and root system characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10342-025-01786-1
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 981
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: European beech
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Norway spruce
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Climate change
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Monoculture agriculture
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mixed forests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant growth
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Droughts
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bavaria (Germany)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Root-shoot allometry and drought response of dominant and co-dominant European beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) and Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in monospecific versus mixed-species stands in Bavaria, Germany.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Ulbricht, Matthias
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            NameFull: Biber, Peter
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            NameFull: Rötzer, Thomas
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            NameFull: Uhl, Enno
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            NameFull: Pretzsch, Hans
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: Oct2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 16124669
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              Value: 144
            – Type: issue
              Value: 5
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: European Journal of Forest Research
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