A comparison of methods to compute the rate of horizontal geomagnetic field variation.
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| Title: | A comparison of methods to compute the rate of horizontal geomagnetic field variation. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Fielding, Samuel A.1 (AUTHOR) sfieldin@ed.ac.uk, Livermore, Philip W.2 (AUTHOR), Beggan, Ciarán D.3 (AUTHOR), Whaler, Kathryn A.1 (AUTHOR), Richardson, Gemma S.3 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Annales Geophysicae (ANGEO) (09927689). 2025, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p687-700. 14p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Geomagnetism, *Geomagnetic variations, *Space environment, *Acquisition of data |
| Abstract: | The rate of change of the horizontal external magnetic field is often used as a proxy for space weather activity and in particular for estimating geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in high voltage power grids. This paper compares two commonly adopted methods for computing this rate of change: (1) the difference between consecutive measurements in the magnitude of the horizontal magnetic field, H′ , and (2) the combined difference in the magnitude in the northward and eastward directions, usually denoted R. We find that there can be an absolute difference in the calculations between the two methodologies exceeding 100 nT min−1 during storm times for observatories in the sub-auroral zone, demonstrating that the choice between R and H′ can make a significant difference to any GIC estimate. We also note an observable difference between the two methodologies during quiet times when the measurements are made close to the agonic line, though this difference does not have a significant impact on the efficacy of either of the two methodologies for GIC studies. Future studies should consider carefully the choice of geomagnetic indicators for estimation of GICs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Database: | Energy & Power Source |
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| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 1 |
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| Header | DbId: enr DbLabel: Energy & Power Source An: 191076301 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: A comparison of methods to compute the rate of horizontal geomagnetic field variation. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fielding%2C+Samuel A%2E%22">Fielding, Samuel A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sfieldin@ed.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Livermore%2C+Philip W%2E%22">Livermore, Philip W.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beggan%2C+Ciarán D%2E%22">Beggan, Ciarán D.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Whaler%2C+Kathryn A%2E%22">Whaler, Kathryn A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Richardson%2C+Gemma S%2E%22">Richardson, Gemma S.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Annales+Geophysicae+%28ANGEO%29+%2809927689%29%22">Annales Geophysicae (ANGEO) (09927689)</searchLink>. 2025, Vol. 43 Issue 2, p687-700. 14p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geomagnetism%22">Geomagnetism</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geomagnetic+variations%22">Geomagnetic variations</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Space+environment%22">Space environment</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acquisition+of+data%22">Acquisition of data</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The rate of change of the horizontal external magnetic field is often used as a proxy for space weather activity and in particular for estimating geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in high voltage power grids. This paper compares two commonly adopted methods for computing this rate of change: (1) the difference between consecutive measurements in the magnitude of the horizontal magnetic field, H′ , and (2) the combined difference in the magnitude in the northward and eastward directions, usually denoted R. We find that there can be an absolute difference in the calculations between the two methodologies exceeding 100 nT min−1 during storm times for observatories in the sub-auroral zone, demonstrating that the choice between R and H′ can make a significant difference to any GIC estimate. We also note an observable difference between the two methodologies during quiet times when the measurements are made close to the agonic line, though this difference does not have a significant impact on the efficacy of either of the two methodologies for GIC studies. Future studies should consider carefully the choice of geomagnetic indicators for estimation of GICs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=191076301 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.5194/angeo-43-687-2025 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 14 StartPage: 687 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Geomagnetism Type: general – SubjectFull: Geomagnetic variations Type: general – SubjectFull: Space environment Type: general – SubjectFull: Acquisition of data Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: A comparison of methods to compute the rate of horizontal geomagnetic field variation. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Fielding, Samuel A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Livermore, Philip W. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Beggan, Ciarán D. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Whaler, Kathryn A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Richardson, Gemma S. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 07 Text: 2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09927689 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 43 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Annales Geophysicae (ANGEO) (09927689) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
