Validation of the Modified k − ε Turbulence Model for Conical Vortex Tubes Accounting for Compressibility Effects.

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Title: Validation of the Modified k − ε Turbulence Model for Conical Vortex Tubes Accounting for Compressibility Effects.
Authors: Zinn, Itay1 (AUTHOR), Khait, Anatoliy1 (AUTHOR) haitanatoliy@gmail.com, Avrahami, Idit1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Heat Transfer Engineering. 2026, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p540-558. 19p.
Subject Terms: *Vortex tubes, *Compressibility, *Calibration, *Turbulent heat transfer, *Heat transfer, *Computer simulation, *Thermodynamics, *Turbulence
Abstract: The problem of numerical simulation of Ranque-Hilsch energy separation in a vortex tube is considered in the paper. The standard k − ε turbulence model is modified to incorporate the fluid compressibility effect. In particular, the regular heat flows due to momentum exchange and turbulent thermal conductivity are complemented by the additional heat flow due to fluid compressibility. The new closure constant c γ is introduced to the model for the first time for balancing heat flows. Careful calibration of the model suggested the recommended value c γ = 0.725 , which provides the best turbulence model accuracy in terms of the integral characteristics of the conical vortex tubes. The given value of c γ is interpreted as a deviation of the gas compression from the adiabatic process with a polytropic index of 1.26. It is demonstrated that turbulent thermal conductivity is dominant in the standard k − ε turbulence model, while heat flow due to fluid compressibility dominates in the modified model. Such redistribution of heat flows is considered to be the main reason for the improvement of the energy separation effect prediction when comparing the modified and standard turbulence models. Nevertheless, the universality of the modified turbulence model is still not guaranteed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 191515157
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Validation of the Modified k − ε Turbulence Model for Conical Vortex Tubes Accounting for Compressibility Effects.
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zinn%2C+Itay%22">Zinn, Itay</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khait%2C+Anatoliy%22">Khait, Anatoliy</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> haitanatoliy@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Avrahami%2C+Idit%22">Avrahami, Idit</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Heat+Transfer+Engineering%22">Heat Transfer Engineering</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 47 Issue 6, p540-558. 19p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vortex+tubes%22">Vortex tubes</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Compressibility%22">Compressibility</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Calibration%22">Calibration</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Turbulent+heat+transfer%22">Turbulent heat transfer</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+transfer%22">Heat transfer</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermodynamics%22">Thermodynamics</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Turbulence%22">Turbulence</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The problem of numerical simulation of Ranque-Hilsch energy separation in a vortex tube is considered in the paper. The standard k − ε turbulence model is modified to incorporate the fluid compressibility effect. In particular, the regular heat flows due to momentum exchange and turbulent thermal conductivity are complemented by the additional heat flow due to fluid compressibility. The new closure constant c γ is introduced to the model for the first time for balancing heat flows. Careful calibration of the model suggested the recommended value c γ = 0.725 , which provides the best turbulence model accuracy in terms of the integral characteristics of the conical vortex tubes. The given value of c γ is interpreted as a deviation of the gas compression from the adiabatic process with a polytropic index of 1.26. It is demonstrated that turbulent thermal conductivity is dominant in the standard k − ε turbulence model, while heat flow due to fluid compressibility dominates in the modified model. Such redistribution of heat flows is considered to be the main reason for the improvement of the energy separation effect prediction when comparing the modified and standard turbulence models. Nevertheless, the universality of the modified turbulence model is still not guaranteed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/01457632.2025.2459986
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 540
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Vortex tubes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Compressibility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Calibration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Turbulent heat transfer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat transfer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Computer simulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermodynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Turbulence
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Validation of the Modified k − ε Turbulence Model for Conical Vortex Tubes Accounting for Compressibility Effects.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Zinn, Itay
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Khait, Anatoliy
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Avrahami, Idit
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 15
              M: 03
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 01457632
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 47
            – Type: issue
              Value: 6
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Heat Transfer Engineering
              Type: main
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