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Elemental Content and Distribution in Various Willow Clones and Tissue Types.

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Title: Elemental Content and Distribution in Various Willow Clones and Tissue Types.
Authors: Mvolo, Cyriac S.1 (AUTHOR) cyriac.mvolo@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca, Boakye, Emmanuel A.1 (AUTHOR), Krygier, Richard1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Feb2026, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p607. 13p.
Subject Terms: *Elemental analysis, *Willows, *Ecological assessment, *Biochemistry, *Biomass energy, *Plant cells & tissues, *Drying apparatus, *Carbon sequestration
Abstract: Willows (genus Salix) are versatile plants with applications in construction, medicine, and biomass fuel in North America. Advances in breeding have improved willow clones for higher yields and pest resistance, but the chemical content and distribution across different plant parts remain poorly understood. This study examined the variation in chemical elements (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, and ash) across six willow clones (India, Jorr, Olof, Otisco, Preble, and Tora) and three tissue types (wood, bark, twigs). We also compared freeze-drying and oven-drying methods to assess their impact on chemical content. Freeze-dried samples generally exhibited higher carbon and hydrogen concentrations than oven-dried samples, with statistically significant differences primarily observed for carbon, while nitrogen showed no overall significant difference between drying methods. Chemical composition varied among clones, although no single clone consistently dominated across all chemical parameters. In contrast, pronounced tissue-type differences were observed: bark had higher nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, chlorine, and ash contents, whereas wood exhibited relatively higher hydrogen concentrations, with twigs showing intermediate values. These findings suggest that accounting for tissue-specific chemical differences can improve the selection and utilization of willow biomass and increase the accuracy of ecological assessments, including carbon storage estimates. The findings of this study indicate that oven-drying should remain in use within the bioenergy sector, whereas freeze-drying ought to become the preferred standard for carbon-accounting protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 191587086
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Elemental Content and Distribution in Various Willow Clones and Tissue Types.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mvolo%2C+Cyriac+S%2E%22">Mvolo, Cyriac S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cyriac.mvolo@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Boakye%2C+Emmanuel+A%2E%22">Boakye, Emmanuel A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krygier%2C+Richard%22">Krygier, Richard</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p607. 13p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elemental+analysis%22">Elemental analysis</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Willows%22">Willows</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ecological+assessment%22">Ecological assessment</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biochemistry%22">Biochemistry</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biomass+energy%22">Biomass energy</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+cells+%26+tissues%22">Plant cells & tissues</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drying+apparatus%22">Drying apparatus</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+sequestration%22">Carbon sequestration</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Willows (genus Salix) are versatile plants with applications in construction, medicine, and biomass fuel in North America. Advances in breeding have improved willow clones for higher yields and pest resistance, but the chemical content and distribution across different plant parts remain poorly understood. This study examined the variation in chemical elements (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, and ash) across six willow clones (India, Jorr, Olof, Otisco, Preble, and Tora) and three tissue types (wood, bark, twigs). We also compared freeze-drying and oven-drying methods to assess their impact on chemical content. Freeze-dried samples generally exhibited higher carbon and hydrogen concentrations than oven-dried samples, with statistically significant differences primarily observed for carbon, while nitrogen showed no overall significant difference between drying methods. Chemical composition varied among clones, although no single clone consistently dominated across all chemical parameters. In contrast, pronounced tissue-type differences were observed: bark had higher nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, chlorine, and ash contents, whereas wood exhibited relatively higher hydrogen concentrations, with twigs showing intermediate values. These findings suggest that accounting for tissue-specific chemical differences can improve the selection and utilization of willow biomass and increase the accuracy of ecological assessments, including carbon storage estimates. The findings of this study indicate that oven-drying should remain in use within the bioenergy sector, whereas freeze-drying ought to become the preferred standard for carbon-accounting protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=191587086
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/en19030607
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 607
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Elemental analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Willows
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ecological assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biochemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biomass energy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant cells & tissues
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Drying apparatus
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon sequestration
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Elemental Content and Distribution in Various Willow Clones and Tissue Types.
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            NameFull: Mvolo, Cyriac S.
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            NameFull: Boakye, Emmanuel A.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Krygier, Richard
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            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 19961073
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              Value: 19
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            – TitleFull: Energies (19961073)
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