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Bottom Ash from Biomass Combustion in Fluidized Bed Boilers in the Context of the Circular Economy.

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Title: Bottom Ash from Biomass Combustion in Fluidized Bed Boilers in the Context of the Circular Economy.
Authors: Uliasz-Bocheńczyk, Alicja1 (AUTHOR), Mokrzycki, Eugeniusz2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Feb2026, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p630. 17p.
Subject Terms: *Circular economy, *Fluidized bed reactors, *Industrial applications, *Leaching, *Biomass burning, *Waste products as building materials, *Chemical structure, *Calcium silicates
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive characterization of bottom ash generated during biomass combustion in fluidized boilers, with a focus on its potential use in a circular economy. Two biomass bottom ash samples (BBA 1 and BBA 2) from commercial combined heat and power plants were tested. The scope of this study included the determination of chemical composition, phase composition, and leachability testing of selected impurities. The results showed that the bottom ashes tested are calcium silicate materials with varying proportions of calcium phases (anhydrite, portlandite, and calcite) and silica phases (quartz), depending on the type of biomass and combustion technology. Thermal analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic dehydration, decarbonation, and polymorphic transformations of quartz, with a low organic content. Leachability tests showed low mobility of most trace elements and heavy metals, with increased solubility of sulfates, chlorides, and alkali ions, typical for fluidized ash. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Hg in the eluates were low or below the limit of quantification, indicating the favorable chemical stability of the tested waste. The results obtained suggest that bottom ashes from biomass combustion in fluidized boilers may be a promising secondary raw material for engineering applications, especially in binding materials and bonded layers, and potentially also in selected agricultural applications, provided that the contents of sulfates, chlorides, and pH are controlled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 191587109
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Bottom Ash from Biomass Combustion in Fluidized Bed Boilers in the Context of the Circular Economy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Uliasz-Bocheńczyk%2C+Alicja%22">Uliasz-Bocheńczyk, Alicja</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mokrzycki%2C+Eugeniusz%22">Mokrzycki, Eugeniusz</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p630. 17p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Circular+economy%22">Circular economy</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluidized+bed+reactors%22">Fluidized bed reactors</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Industrial+applications%22">Industrial applications</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Leaching%22">Leaching</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biomass+burning%22">Biomass burning</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Waste+products+as+building+materials%22">Waste products as building materials</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+structure%22">Chemical structure</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Calcium+silicates%22">Calcium silicates</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This paper presents a comprehensive characterization of bottom ash generated during biomass combustion in fluidized boilers, with a focus on its potential use in a circular economy. Two biomass bottom ash samples (BBA 1 and BBA 2) from commercial combined heat and power plants were tested. The scope of this study included the determination of chemical composition, phase composition, and leachability testing of selected impurities. The results showed that the bottom ashes tested are calcium silicate materials with varying proportions of calcium phases (anhydrite, portlandite, and calcite) and silica phases (quartz), depending on the type of biomass and combustion technology. Thermal analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic dehydration, decarbonation, and polymorphic transformations of quartz, with a low organic content. Leachability tests showed low mobility of most trace elements and heavy metals, with increased solubility of sulfates, chlorides, and alkali ions, typical for fluidized ash. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Hg in the eluates were low or below the limit of quantification, indicating the favorable chemical stability of the tested waste. The results obtained suggest that bottom ashes from biomass combustion in fluidized boilers may be a promising secondary raw material for engineering applications, especially in binding materials and bonded layers, and potentially also in selected agricultural applications, provided that the contents of sulfates, chlorides, and pH are controlled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/en19030630
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 630
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Circular economy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fluidized bed reactors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Industrial applications
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Leaching
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biomass burning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Waste products as building materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemical structure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Calcium silicates
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Bottom Ash from Biomass Combustion in Fluidized Bed Boilers in the Context of the Circular Economy.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Uliasz-Bocheńczyk, Alicja
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          Name:
            NameFull: Mokrzycki, Eugeniusz
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 19961073
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              Value: 19
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              Value: 3
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            – TitleFull: Energies (19961073)
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