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Off-farm employment and nonpoint source pollution from chemical fertilizers in China: mediating role of farmland transfer.

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Title: Off-farm employment and nonpoint source pollution from chemical fertilizers in China: mediating role of farmland transfer.
Authors: You, Heyuan1,2 (AUTHOR) youheyuan@gmail.com, Li, Jingwang1 (AUTHOR) lijingwang2022@126.com, Xu, Fangyi1 (AUTHOR) xufangyi0914@163.com
Source: Environment, Development & Sustainability. Jan2026, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p1787-1804. 18p.
Subject Terms: *Nonpoint source pollution, *Fertilizers, *Rural-urban migration, *Land use, *Agricultural pollution, *Agricultural laborers
Geographic Terms: China
Abstract: Agricultural nonpoint source pollution (NSP) is a growing environmental threat in developing countries. Examining the factors influencing NSP can benefit pollution control. This study investigated the impact of off-farm employment on NSP originating from chemical fertilizers and the mediating role of farmland transfers in this relationship in China. Panel regression analysis is adopted in this study. The results show that the farmland transfer scale directly and negatively impacts the discharge intensity of NSP from chemical fertilizers. However, above a certain threshold, the expanded scale of transfers controls off-farm employment, leading to a higher NSP discharge intensity. In addition, off-farm employment also depends on several features of agricultural production and farmer households, thereby influencing the NSP discharge intensity. Whether the influencing relationships are positive or negative is determined by the thresholds in the features of agricultural production and of the household. This study suggests that an emphasis be placed on rural labor transfer, agricultural output growth, and green land utilization, considering regional differences in policy implementation areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 191807264
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Off-farm employment and nonpoint source pollution from chemical fertilizers in China: mediating role of farmland transfer.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22You%2C+Heyuan%22">You, Heyuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> youheyuan@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Jingwang%22">Li, Jingwang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lijingwang2022@126.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Fangyi%22">Xu, Fangyi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> xufangyi0914@163.com</i>
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  Label: Source
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environment%2C+Development+%26+Sustainability%22">Environment, Development & Sustainability</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p1787-1804. 18p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nonpoint+source+pollution%22">Nonpoint source pollution</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fertilizers%22">Fertilizers</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rural-urban+migration%22">Rural-urban migration</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Land+use%22">Land use</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Agricultural+pollution%22">Agricultural pollution</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Agricultural+laborers%22">Agricultural laborers</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Agricultural nonpoint source pollution (NSP) is a growing environmental threat in developing countries. Examining the factors influencing NSP can benefit pollution control. This study investigated the impact of off-farm employment on NSP originating from chemical fertilizers and the mediating role of farmland transfers in this relationship in China. Panel regression analysis is adopted in this study. The results show that the farmland transfer scale directly and negatively impacts the discharge intensity of NSP from chemical fertilizers. However, above a certain threshold, the expanded scale of transfers controls off-farm employment, leading to a higher NSP discharge intensity. In addition, off-farm employment also depends on several features of agricultural production and farmer households, thereby influencing the NSP discharge intensity. Whether the influencing relationships are positive or negative is determined by the thresholds in the features of agricultural production and of the household. This study suggests that an emphasis be placed on rural labor transfer, agricultural output growth, and green land utilization, considering regional differences in policy implementation areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10668-024-05071-w
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 1787
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Nonpoint source pollution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fertilizers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rural-urban migration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Land use
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Agricultural pollution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Agricultural laborers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Off-farm employment and nonpoint source pollution from chemical fertilizers in China: mediating role of farmland transfer.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: You, Heyuan
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Li, Jingwang
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Xu, Fangyi
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      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 1387585X
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 28
            – Type: issue
              Value: 1
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Environment, Development & Sustainability
              Type: main
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