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A study of a Skew-Hadamard URA coded neutron PGAI technique with a rotating modulation collimator.

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Title: A study of a Skew-Hadamard URA coded neutron PGAI technique with a rotating modulation collimator.
Authors: Wang, Ze liang1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Zhen hua1 (AUTHOR), Jia, Wen bao1 (AUTHOR) jiawenbao@163.com, Liang, Xu wen1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Ji cheng1 (AUTHOR), Xiao, Chen min1 (AUTHOR), Cui, Yu meng1 (AUTHOR), Chen, Lu3 (AUTHOR), Cheng, Can4 (AUTHOR) chengcan@njtech.edu.cn
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry. Feb2026, Vol. 335 Issue 2, p1027-1038. 12p.
Subject Terms: *Elemental analysis, *Collimators, *Neutron flux, *Neutron radiography, *Expectation-maximization algorithms, *Neutron sources
Abstract: Prompt Gamma Activation Imaging (PGAI) is an advanced elemental mapping technique that probes elemental distributions within a sample by detecting characteristic gamma rays emitted under neutron irradiation. Conventional PGAI relies on high-flux neutron sources from large reactor facilities, combined with collimated scanning, to achieve spatially resolved elemental information. However, this method is time-consuming, and its dependence on high neutron flux limits its widespread adoption.In this study, we introduce a novel approach adapted for low-flux neutron sources. A skew-Hadamard Uniformly Redundant Array (URA) was used to fabricate a rotating modulation collimator (RMC) with multiple mask patterns, which spatially modulates the neutron beam emitted from an Am–Be source. A single-pixel gamma detector was employed to record the characteristic gamma rays emitted by the sample, and the elemental distribution was reconstructed using the Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization (MLEM) algorithm. The results confirm that this method can accurately reconstruct elemental distributions even under low-flux conditions, demonstrating its feasibility for field-deployable imaging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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  Availability: 0
Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 192418303
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: A study of a Skew-Hadamard URA coded neutron PGAI technique with a rotating modulation collimator.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Ze+liang%22">Wang, Ze liang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Zhen+hua%22">Zhang, Zhen hua</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jia%2C+Wen+bao%22">Jia, Wen bao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jiawenbao@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liang%2C+Xu+wen%22">Liang, Xu wen</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Ji+cheng%22">Li, Ji cheng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiao%2C+Chen+min%22">Xiao, Chen min</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cui%2C+Yu+meng%22">Cui, Yu meng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Lu%22">Chen, Lu</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheng%2C+Can%22">Cheng, Can</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> chengcan@njtech.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Radioanalytical+%26+Nuclear+Chemistry%22">Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 335 Issue 2, p1027-1038. 12p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elemental+analysis%22">Elemental analysis</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Collimators%22">Collimators</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutron+flux%22">Neutron flux</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutron+radiography%22">Neutron radiography</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Expectation-maximization+algorithms%22">Expectation-maximization algorithms</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutron+sources%22">Neutron sources</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Prompt Gamma Activation Imaging (PGAI) is an advanced elemental mapping technique that probes elemental distributions within a sample by detecting characteristic gamma rays emitted under neutron irradiation. Conventional PGAI relies on high-flux neutron sources from large reactor facilities, combined with collimated scanning, to achieve spatially resolved elemental information. However, this method is time-consuming, and its dependence on high neutron flux limits its widespread adoption.In this study, we introduce a novel approach adapted for low-flux neutron sources. A skew-Hadamard Uniformly Redundant Array (URA) was used to fabricate a rotating modulation collimator (RMC) with multiple mask patterns, which spatially modulates the neutron beam emitted from an Am–Be source. A single-pixel gamma detector was employed to record the characteristic gamma rays emitted by the sample, and the elemental distribution was reconstructed using the Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization (MLEM) algorithm. The results confirm that this method can accurately reconstruct elemental distributions even under low-flux conditions, demonstrating its feasibility for field-deployable imaging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=192418303
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10967-026-10770-x
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 1027
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Elemental analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Collimators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neutron flux
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neutron radiography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Expectation-maximization algorithms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neutron sources
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: A study of a Skew-Hadamard URA coded neutron PGAI technique with a rotating modulation collimator.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Wang, Ze liang
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            NameFull: Zhang, Zhen hua
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            NameFull: Liang, Xu wen
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            NameFull: Li, Ji cheng
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            NameFull: Cui, Yu meng
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            NameFull: Chen, Lu
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 02365731
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 335
            – Type: issue
              Value: 2
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry
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