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Investigating Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Wear Behaviour of Al–Li/ZrB2 Composites Fabricated Via Stir–Squeeze Casting.

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Title: Investigating Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Wear Behaviour of Al–Li/ZrB2 Composites Fabricated Via Stir–Squeeze Casting.
Authors: Kulsum, Farheen1 (AUTHOR) farheen.kul@gmail.com, Vemula, Jeevan1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Arabian Journal for Science & Engineering (Springer Science & Business Media B.V. ). Feb2026, Vol. 51 Issue 3, p2681-2705. 25p.
Subject Terms: *Aluminum-lithium alloys, *Zirconium boride, *Wear resistance, *Aerospace materials, *Automotive materials, *Squeeze casting, *Microstructure, *Mechanical behavior of materials
Abstract: The growing need for lightweight, high-performance materials in the aerospace and automotive industries has brought aluminium–lithium (Al–Li) composites into focus due to their low density and exceptional mechanical properties. However, challenges persist in achieving a uniform dispersion of particles within the Al–Li matrix and enhancing its wear resistance remain significant challenges. This study explores the development of Al–Li 2099 composites reinforced with 3%, 6%, and 9% ZrB2 particles using the stir–squeeze casting method. A detailed examination of the composites' microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear performance was conducted. Among the tested composites, the composite containing 9% ZrB2 showed the greatest improvements in mechanical properties, achieving a hardness of 103.2 HV, an impact energy of 9.5 J, a tensile strength of 221.5 MPa, and a compressive strength of 510 MPa. The wear rate and coefficient of friction were further analysed using response surface methodology. ANOVA results demonstrated the statistical reliability of the model, with R2 values of 0.9917 for wear rate and 0.9926 for COF. Additionally, predictions made using artificial neural networks showed a strong correlation, with an R value of 0.9977. Based on these findings, this study highlights the potential of Al–Li 2099 composites to address industry demands for materials that are both lightweight and durable. These advanced composites represent a promising solution to enhance efficiency and performance in the aerospace and automotive sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 192432410
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Investigating Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Wear Behaviour of Al–Li/ZrB<subscript>2</subscript> Composites Fabricated Via Stir–Squeeze Casting.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aluminum-lithium+alloys%22">Aluminum-lithium alloys</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Zirconium+boride%22">Zirconium boride</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wear+resistance%22">Wear resistance</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aerospace+materials%22">Aerospace materials</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Automotive+materials%22">Automotive materials</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Squeeze+casting%22">Squeeze casting</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The growing need for lightweight, high-performance materials in the aerospace and automotive industries has brought aluminium–lithium (Al–Li) composites into focus due to their low density and exceptional mechanical properties. However, challenges persist in achieving a uniform dispersion of particles within the Al–Li matrix and enhancing its wear resistance remain significant challenges. This study explores the development of Al–Li 2099 composites reinforced with 3%, 6%, and 9% ZrB2 particles using the stir–squeeze casting method. A detailed examination of the composites' microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear performance was conducted. Among the tested composites, the composite containing 9% ZrB2 showed the greatest improvements in mechanical properties, achieving a hardness of 103.2 HV, an impact energy of 9.5 J, a tensile strength of 221.5 MPa, and a compressive strength of 510 MPa. The wear rate and coefficient of friction were further analysed using response surface methodology. ANOVA results demonstrated the statistical reliability of the model, with R2 values of 0.9917 for wear rate and 0.9926 for COF. Additionally, predictions made using artificial neural networks showed a strong correlation, with an R value of 0.9977. Based on these findings, this study highlights the potential of Al–Li 2099 composites to address industry demands for materials that are both lightweight and durable. These advanced composites represent a promising solution to enhance efficiency and performance in the aerospace and automotive sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=192432410
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s13369-025-10060-w
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 25
        StartPage: 2681
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Aluminum-lithium alloys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Zirconium boride
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wear resistance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aerospace materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Automotive materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Squeeze casting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Investigating Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Wear Behaviour of Al–Li/ZrB2 Composites Fabricated Via Stir–Squeeze Casting.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Kulsum, Farheen
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Vemula, Jeevan
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 2193567X
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              Value: 51
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              Value: 3
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Arabian Journal for Science & Engineering (Springer Science & Business Media B.V. )
              Type: main
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