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Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Evidence for Seawater Contribution to Geothermal Waters in Mesozoic Granites of Eastern China.

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Title: Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Evidence for Seawater Contribution to Geothermal Waters in Mesozoic Granites of Eastern China.
Authors: Zhong, Zhennan1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Ning2,3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Yaqi1,3 (AUTHOR) wangyaqi@mail.iggcas.ac.cn, Xu, Yanjuan3,4 (AUTHOR), Li, Hao3,5 (AUTHOR), Kang, Fengxin1,4,5 (AUTHOR), Hu, Shengbiao1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1289. 18p.
Subject Terms: *Water-rock interaction, *Isotopic analysis, *Igneous intrusions, *Geothermal wells, *Geothermal engineering, *Water chemistry
Geographic Terms: East Asia
Abstract: The geothermal system in the Jiaodong Peninsula is situated within a continent–ocean transition zone, where complex interactions among meteoric water, geothermal fluids, and seawater produce diverse hydrogeochemical and isotopic signatures, complicating geothermal resource assessment and sustainable development. To constrain recharge sources and seawater mixing mechanisms, geothermal water samples were systematically collected from 15 geothermal fields and analyzed using integrated hydrogeochemical methods and multi-isotope tracers (δD–δ18O, δ34S-SO42−, 87Sr/86Sr, and 3H). The results show that geothermal waters are predominantly recharged by meteoric precipitation, with δD–δ18O values distributed along the meteoric water line, while low d-excess values indicate prolonged circulation and significant water–rock interaction. Seawater mixing exhibits marked spatial heterogeneity: only 5 of the 15 fields show detectable marine influence. Chloride-based calculations suggest apparent seawater fractions of up to ~34% in BQ and <4% in DY, whereas the remaining fields show negligible mixing. Sulfur and strontium isotopes indicate contributions from external sulfate sources and continued water–rock interaction rather than simple mixing with modern seawater. Low tritium contents further imply involvement of deeply circulated paleo-seawater. The system is therefore interpreted as a fault-controlled seawater-mixing geothermal system, providing insights into coastal geothermal evolution and resource evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 192641014
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Evidence for Seawater Contribution to Geothermal Waters in Mesozoic Granites of Eastern China.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Zhong%2C+Zhennan%22&quot;&gt;Zhong, Zhennan&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2,3&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Wang%2C+Ning%22&quot;&gt;Wang, Ning&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2,3&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Wang%2C+Yaqi%22&quot;&gt;Wang, Yaqi&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,3&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; wangyaqi@mail.iggcas.ac.cn&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Xu%2C+Yanjuan%22&quot;&gt;Xu, Yanjuan&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3,4&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Li%2C+Hao%22&quot;&gt;Li, Hao&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3,5&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kang%2C+Fengxin%22&quot;&gt;Kang, Fengxin&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,4,5&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Hu%2C+Shengbiao%22&quot;&gt;Hu, Shengbiao&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22&quot;&gt;Energies (19961073)&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1289. 18p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Water-rock+interaction%22&quot;&gt;Water-rock interaction&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Isotopic+analysis%22&quot;&gt;Isotopic analysis&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Igneous+intrusions%22&quot;&gt;Igneous intrusions&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Geothermal+wells%22&quot;&gt;Geothermal wells&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Geothermal+engineering%22&quot;&gt;Geothermal engineering&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Water+chemistry%22&quot;&gt;Water chemistry&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22East+Asia%22&quot;&gt;East Asia&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The geothermal system in the Jiaodong Peninsula is situated within a continent–ocean transition zone, where complex interactions among meteoric water, geothermal fluids, and seawater produce diverse hydrogeochemical and isotopic signatures, complicating geothermal resource assessment and sustainable development. To constrain recharge sources and seawater mixing mechanisms, geothermal water samples were systematically collected from 15 geothermal fields and analyzed using integrated hydrogeochemical methods and multi-isotope tracers (δD–δ18O, δ34S-SO42−, 87Sr/86Sr, and 3H). The results show that geothermal waters are predominantly recharged by meteoric precipitation, with δD–δ18O values distributed along the meteoric water line, while low d-excess values indicate prolonged circulation and significant water–rock interaction. Seawater mixing exhibits marked spatial heterogeneity: only 5 of the 15 fields show detectable marine influence. Chloride-based calculations suggest apparent seawater fractions of up to ~34% in BQ and &lt;4% in DY, whereas the remaining fields show negligible mixing. Sulfur and strontium isotopes indicate contributions from external sulfate sources and continued water–rock interaction rather than simple mixing with modern seawater. Low tritium contents further imply involvement of deeply circulated paleo-seawater. The system is therefore interpreted as a fault-controlled seawater-mixing geothermal system, providing insights into coastal geothermal evolution and resource evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=192641014
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/en19051289
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 1289
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Water-rock interaction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Isotopic analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Igneous intrusions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geothermal wells
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geothermal engineering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: East Asia
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Evidence for Seawater Contribution to Geothermal Waters in Mesozoic Granites of Eastern China.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Zhong, Zhennan
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wang, Ning
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Wang, Yaqi
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            NameFull: Xu, Yanjuan
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Li, Hao
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Kang, Fengxin
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Hu, Shengbiao
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 19961073
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 19
            – Type: issue
              Value: 5
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Energies (19961073)
              Type: main
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