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Impact of HVAC Load and Driving Conditions on Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Efficiency Under Seasonal Temperature.

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Title: Impact of HVAC Load and Driving Conditions on Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Efficiency Under Seasonal Temperature.
Authors: Omarova, Zarina1 (AUTHOR), Eom, Seongyong2 (AUTHOR), Park, Yeseul3 (AUTHOR) yspark@kumoh.ac.kr, Choi, Gyungmin1 (AUTHOR) choigm@pusan.ac.kr
Source: Energies (19961073). Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1295. 19p.
Subject Terms: *Heating load, *Seasonal temperature variations, *Public transit, *Energy consumption, *Fuel cell vehicles, *Simulation methods & models
Reviews & Products: Simulink (Computer software)
Abstract: Hydrogen fuel cell buses (HFCBs) offer a promising zero-emission solution for sustainable public transportation. However, the high energy consumption of auxiliary systems, particularly heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), significantly impacts overall vehicle efficiency by increasing hydrogen consumption. This study investigates the influence of the HVAC load on the energy efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell buses under different driving conditions and seasonal ambient temperatures. Using a MATAB/Simulink-based simulation framework, the interaction between the fuel cell system, battery dynamics, and HVAC operation is modeled to quantify energy consumption under urban, highway and mixed driving conditions. Simulation was conducted at 7 °C and 35 °C with varying HVAC load levels of 50% and 100% to represent harsh winter and summer conditions. Results demonstrated that HVAC operation can account for a substantial portion of total energy consumption, reducing the vehicle range and fuel cell efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 192641020
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Impact of HVAC Load and Driving Conditions on Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Efficiency Under Seasonal Temperature.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Omarova%2C+Zarina%22">Omarova, Zarina</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eom%2C+Seongyong%22">Eom, Seongyong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Park%2C+Yeseul%22">Park, Yeseul</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yspark@kumoh.ac.kr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Choi%2C+Gyungmin%22">Choi, Gyungmin</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> choigm@pusan.ac.kr</i>
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  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1295. 19p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heating+load%22">Heating load</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Seasonal+temperature+variations%22">Seasonal temperature variations</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+transit%22">Public transit</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+consumption%22">Energy consumption</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fuel+cell+vehicles%22">Fuel cell vehicles</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Simulation+methods+%26+models%22">Simulation methods & models</searchLink>
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  Label: Reviews & Products
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="PS" term="%22Simulink+%28Computer+software%29%22">Simulink (Computer software)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Hydrogen fuel cell buses (HFCBs) offer a promising zero-emission solution for sustainable public transportation. However, the high energy consumption of auxiliary systems, particularly heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), significantly impacts overall vehicle efficiency by increasing hydrogen consumption. This study investigates the influence of the HVAC load on the energy efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell buses under different driving conditions and seasonal ambient temperatures. Using a MATAB/Simulink-based simulation framework, the interaction between the fuel cell system, battery dynamics, and HVAC operation is modeled to quantify energy consumption under urban, highway and mixed driving conditions. Simulation was conducted at 7 °C and 35 °C with varying HVAC load levels of 50% and 100% to represent harsh winter and summer conditions. Results demonstrated that HVAC operation can account for a substantial portion of total energy consumption, reducing the vehicle range and fuel cell efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=192641020
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/en19051295
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 1295
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Heating load
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seasonal temperature variations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Public transit
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy consumption
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fuel cell vehicles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Simulation methods & models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Simulink (Computer software)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Impact of HVAC Load and Driving Conditions on Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Efficiency Under Seasonal Temperature.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Omarova, Zarina
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          Name:
            NameFull: Eom, Seongyong
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Park, Yeseul
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Choi, Gyungmin
    IsPartOfRelationships:
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 19961073
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              Value: 19
            – Type: issue
              Value: 5
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Energies (19961073)
              Type: main
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