Design and Experimental Validation of a Charging Profile Selection System for Electric ATVs Using a Programmable Delta Charger with CANopen and Modbus RTU Communication.
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| Title: | Design and Experimental Validation of a Charging Profile Selection System for Electric ATVs Using a Programmable Delta Charger with CANopen and Modbus RTU Communication. |
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| Authors: | Donjaroennon, Natthapon1 (AUTHOR), Nuchkum, Suphatchakan2 (AUTHOR), Suddeepong, Chatchai1,2 (AUTHOR), Leeton, Uthen1,2 (AUTHOR) uthenleeton@sut.ac.th |
| Source: | Energies (19961073). Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1310. 34p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Battery chargers, *Computer network protocols, *Electric vehicles, *Battery management systems, *Model validation |
| Abstract: | This paper presents the design and experimental validation of a hardware-enforced charging profile selection framework for low-voltage electric all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), implemented on a programmable Delta battery charger operating within a voltage range of 0–120 V and a current range of 0–30 A. Unlike conventional programmable chargers that rely primarily on software-defined configuration or battery management system (BMS)-negotiated parameter setting, the proposed system enforces predefined constant-current–constant-voltage (CC–CV) charging profiles at the hardware execution layer. Vehicle identification is performed using CANopen-based identifiers, while relay-based selection, controlled via Modbus RTU, physically routes the charger output to fixed CC–CV control paths, thereby structurally reducing the risk of misconfiguration and unintended parameter changes. The system integrates layered control using embedded ESP32 nodes, a redPLC supervisory controller, and NodeRED-based orchestration, combined with real-time measurement, logging, and visualization using a time-series database and Grafana dashboards. Experimental validation is conducted using lithium-ion battery packs configured at four nominal voltage levels (24 V, 48 V, 60 V, and 72 V). The results confirm correct automatic profile selection, deterministic relay-based routing, and stable CC–CV charging behavior across repeated charging sessions. Rather than proposing a new charging algorithm, this work contributes a safety-by-design execution-layer charging architecture that complements higher-level smart charging and management protocols and is particularly suited for closed, heterogeneous fleet environments where deterministic behavior, robustness against configuration errors, and transparent verification of charging processes are critical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Database: | Energy & Power Source |
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| Header | DbId: enr DbLabel: Energy & Power Source An: 192641035 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Design and Experimental Validation of a Charging Profile Selection System for Electric ATVs Using a Programmable Delta Charger with CANopen and Modbus RTU Communication. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Donjaroennon%2C+Natthapon%22">Donjaroennon, Natthapon</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nuchkum%2C+Suphatchakan%22">Nuchkum, Suphatchakan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Suddeepong%2C+Chatchai%22">Suddeepong, Chatchai</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Leeton%2C+Uthen%22">Leeton, Uthen</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> uthenleeton@sut.ac.th</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1310. 34p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Battery+chargers%22">Battery chargers</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+network+protocols%22">Computer network protocols</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electric+vehicles%22">Electric vehicles</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Battery+management+systems%22">Battery management systems</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Model+validation%22">Model validation</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This paper presents the design and experimental validation of a hardware-enforced charging profile selection framework for low-voltage electric all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), implemented on a programmable Delta battery charger operating within a voltage range of 0–120 V and a current range of 0–30 A. Unlike conventional programmable chargers that rely primarily on software-defined configuration or battery management system (BMS)-negotiated parameter setting, the proposed system enforces predefined constant-current–constant-voltage (CC–CV) charging profiles at the hardware execution layer. Vehicle identification is performed using CANopen-based identifiers, while relay-based selection, controlled via Modbus RTU, physically routes the charger output to fixed CC–CV control paths, thereby structurally reducing the risk of misconfiguration and unintended parameter changes. The system integrates layered control using embedded ESP32 nodes, a redPLC supervisory controller, and NodeRED-based orchestration, combined with real-time measurement, logging, and visualization using a time-series database and Grafana dashboards. Experimental validation is conducted using lithium-ion battery packs configured at four nominal voltage levels (24 V, 48 V, 60 V, and 72 V). The results confirm correct automatic profile selection, deterministic relay-based routing, and stable CC–CV charging behavior across repeated charging sessions. Rather than proposing a new charging algorithm, this work contributes a safety-by-design execution-layer charging architecture that complements higher-level smart charging and management protocols and is particularly suited for closed, heterogeneous fleet environments where deterministic behavior, robustness against configuration errors, and transparent verification of charging processes are critical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=192641035 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/en19051310 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 34 StartPage: 1310 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Battery chargers Type: general – SubjectFull: Computer network protocols Type: general – SubjectFull: Electric vehicles Type: general – SubjectFull: Battery management systems Type: general – SubjectFull: Model validation Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Design and Experimental Validation of a Charging Profile Selection System for Electric ATVs Using a Programmable Delta Charger with CANopen and Modbus RTU Communication. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Donjaroennon, Natthapon – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Nuchkum, Suphatchakan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Suddeepong, Chatchai – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Leeton, Uthen IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 03 Text: Mar2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 19961073 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 19 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Energies (19961073) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
