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Performance Analysis of Small-Scale Milk Processing Using a Photovoltaic System with Heat Recovery for Off-Grid Areas.

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Title: Performance Analysis of Small-Scale Milk Processing Using a Photovoltaic System with Heat Recovery for Off-Grid Areas.
Authors: Bodena, Fikadu Geremu1 (AUTHOR) fikadu.geremu@aau.edu.et, Amibe, Demiss Alemu1,2 (AUTHOR), Nydal, Ole Jorgen1,2 (AUTHOR), Eikevik, Trygve Magne2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Apr2026, Vol. 19 Issue 7, p1642. 19p.
Subject Terms: *Heat recovery, *Dairy processing, *Milk storage, *Carbon dioxide mitigation, *Clean energy, *Energy consumption
Abstract: Moving toward sustainable energy in small-scale dairies is an indispensable requirement and a significant challenge in developing countries. This study investigates a solar-powered refrigeration system with heat recovery designed to address the energy challenges faced by small-scale dairy farmers in off-grid areas of developing nations. It presents a novel solar-powered refrigeration system with integrated heat recovery, experimentally optimized to simultaneously deliver heating and cooling while valorizing waste heat and synergistically integrating solar energy to establish a decentralized and energy-autonomous milk preservation system for off-grid applications. The proposed system successfully recovers an average of 55% of the heat rejected by the condenser, thereby delivering more than 1000 W of usable thermal energy necessary for milk pasteurization. The experimental findings showed a coefficient of performance of 4.7, representing a 43% improvement over conventional systems, and achieved a Carnot efficiency of 42%. In addition, the system yields an annual energy savings of 3650 kWh and reduces carbon emissions by 971 kg per year for a 50 L unit. These findings underscore the system's substantial potential to enhance energy efficiency, promote sustainability, reduce spoilage, improve incomes, mitigate carbon emissions, and enhance local milk preservation capabilities within small-scale dairy operations, minimizing reliance on diesel or firewood, particularly in regions that are distant from access to grid energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 192959046
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Performance Analysis of Small-Scale Milk Processing Using a Photovoltaic System with Heat Recovery for Off-Grid Areas.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bodena%2C+Fikadu+Geremu%22">Bodena, Fikadu Geremu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> fikadu.geremu@aau.edu.et</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amibe%2C+Demiss+Alemu%22">Amibe, Demiss Alemu</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nydal%2C+Ole+Jorgen%22">Nydal, Ole Jorgen</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eikevik%2C+Trygve+Magne%22">Eikevik, Trygve Magne</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 19 Issue 7, p1642. 19p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+recovery%22">Heat recovery</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dairy+processing%22">Dairy processing</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Milk+storage%22">Milk storage</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+dioxide+mitigation%22">Carbon dioxide mitigation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clean+energy%22">Clean energy</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+consumption%22">Energy consumption</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Moving toward sustainable energy in small-scale dairies is an indispensable requirement and a significant challenge in developing countries. This study investigates a solar-powered refrigeration system with heat recovery designed to address the energy challenges faced by small-scale dairy farmers in off-grid areas of developing nations. It presents a novel solar-powered refrigeration system with integrated heat recovery, experimentally optimized to simultaneously deliver heating and cooling while valorizing waste heat and synergistically integrating solar energy to establish a decentralized and energy-autonomous milk preservation system for off-grid applications. The proposed system successfully recovers an average of 55% of the heat rejected by the condenser, thereby delivering more than 1000 W of usable thermal energy necessary for milk pasteurization. The experimental findings showed a coefficient of performance of 4.7, representing a 43% improvement over conventional systems, and achieved a Carnot efficiency of 42%. In addition, the system yields an annual energy savings of 3650 kWh and reduces carbon emissions by 971 kg per year for a 50 L unit. These findings underscore the system's substantial potential to enhance energy efficiency, promote sustainability, reduce spoilage, improve incomes, mitigate carbon emissions, and enhance local milk preservation capabilities within small-scale dairy operations, minimizing reliance on diesel or firewood, particularly in regions that are distant from access to grid energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=192959046
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/en19071642
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 1642
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Heat recovery
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dairy processing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Milk storage
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon dioxide mitigation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Clean energy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy consumption
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Performance Analysis of Small-Scale Milk Processing Using a Photovoltaic System with Heat Recovery for Off-Grid Areas.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Bodena, Fikadu Geremu
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            NameFull: Amibe, Demiss Alemu
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            NameFull: Nydal, Ole Jorgen
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Eikevik, Trygve Magne
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
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              Value: 19961073
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              Value: 19
            – Type: issue
              Value: 7
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Energies (19961073)
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