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A Hybrid Framework of Quantitative Infrared Thermography and Building Energy Simulation for Cost-Optimal Building Envelope Retrofitting.

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Title: A Hybrid Framework of Quantitative Infrared Thermography and Building Energy Simulation for Cost-Optimal Building Envelope Retrofitting.
Authors: Kaymaz, Egemen1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Apr2026, Vol. 19 Issue 7, p1727. 30p.
Subject Terms: *Retrofitting of buildings, *Building envelopes, *Thermal conductivity, *Genetic algorithms, *Carbon dioxide mitigation, *Energy consumption, *Thermography
Geographic Terms: Istanbul (Turkey)
Abstract: This study integrates in situ Quantitative Infrared Thermography (QIRT) and Building Energy Simulation (BES) to optimize the energy performance of an existing multi-story residential building in Istanbul, Türkiye. QIRT was utilized to diagnose thermal anomalies at the interfaces of uninsulated walls, the RC skeleton and fenestration junctions, revealing significant thermal bridging and air infiltration while enabling the calculation of the Temperature Index (TI) at critical interfaces. A key finding of the non-destructive diagnostic phase was the discrepancy between in situ (UINSITU) and theoretical (UCALC) thermal transmittance values, providing an empirical baseline for subsequent optimization. A multi-objective analysis, employing genetic algorithms (GAs), was conducted to evaluate 192 retrofit combinations, involving three insulation materials at four thicknesses and 16 glazing types. The impacts on primary energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and 30-year global costs (per EN 15459-1:2017) were quantified under volatile economic conditions. Findings indicate that the energy-optimal solution reduces primary energy by 53% and CO2 emissions by 51%, while the cost-optimal configuration reduces global costs by 52% relative to the reference case. The Pareto analysis reveals a robust convergence between financial and energy efficiency targets, proving that deep retrofitting is an economically imperative strategy for achieving national decarbonization goals and the 2053 net-zero vision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 192959131
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: A Hybrid Framework of Quantitative Infrared Thermography and Building Energy Simulation for Cost-Optimal Building Envelope Retrofitting.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 19 Issue 7, p1727. 30p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retrofitting+of+buildings%22">Retrofitting of buildings</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Building+envelopes%22">Building envelopes</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+conductivity%22">Thermal conductivity</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetic+algorithms%22">Genetic algorithms</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+dioxide+mitigation%22">Carbon dioxide mitigation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+consumption%22">Energy consumption</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermography%22">Thermography</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Istanbul+%28Turkey%29%22">Istanbul (Turkey)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study integrates in situ Quantitative Infrared Thermography (QIRT) and Building Energy Simulation (BES) to optimize the energy performance of an existing multi-story residential building in Istanbul, Türkiye. QIRT was utilized to diagnose thermal anomalies at the interfaces of uninsulated walls, the RC skeleton and fenestration junctions, revealing significant thermal bridging and air infiltration while enabling the calculation of the Temperature Index (TI) at critical interfaces. A key finding of the non-destructive diagnostic phase was the discrepancy between in situ (UINSITU) and theoretical (UCALC) thermal transmittance values, providing an empirical baseline for subsequent optimization. A multi-objective analysis, employing genetic algorithms (GAs), was conducted to evaluate 192 retrofit combinations, involving three insulation materials at four thicknesses and 16 glazing types. The impacts on primary energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and 30-year global costs (per EN 15459-1:2017) were quantified under volatile economic conditions. Findings indicate that the energy-optimal solution reduces primary energy by 53% and CO2 emissions by 51%, while the cost-optimal configuration reduces global costs by 52% relative to the reference case. The Pareto analysis reveals a robust convergence between financial and energy efficiency targets, proving that deep retrofitting is an economically imperative strategy for achieving national decarbonization goals and the 2053 net-zero vision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=192959131
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/en19071727
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 30
        StartPage: 1727
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Retrofitting of buildings
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Building envelopes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal conductivity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Genetic algorithms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon dioxide mitigation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy consumption
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Istanbul (Turkey)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: A Hybrid Framework of Quantitative Infrared Thermography and Building Energy Simulation for Cost-Optimal Building Envelope Retrofitting.
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            NameFull: Kaymaz, Egemen
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 19961073
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 19
            – Type: issue
              Value: 7
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Energies (19961073)
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