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Experimental Studies of the Flushing Process of Chocolate in a Test Rig.

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Title: Experimental Studies of the Flushing Process of Chocolate in a Test Rig.
Authors: Heide, Matti1 (AUTHOR) matti.heide@tu-dresden.de, Liebmann, Vera2 (AUTHOR), Kricke, Sebastian1 (AUTHOR), Rüdiger, Frank2 (AUTHOR), Majschak, Jens-Peter1 (AUTHOR), Köhler, Hannes1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Heat Transfer Engineering. 2026, Vol. 47 Issue 11/12, p986-999. 14p.
Subject Terms: *Heat exchangers, *Testing equipment, *Sensitivity analysis, *Chocolate products industry, *Computer simulation, *Cleaning, *Empirical research
Abstract: The chocolate processing industry offers a constantly growing variety of products. With a limited number of production lines in combination with complex components (e.g. shell-and-tube heat exchangers), product change is a critical step to ensure consumer safety and product quality. Product changes are achieved by displacing the product with a follow-up product. Within the scope of this work, the development of a test rig for the replication of industrial flushing processes is presented. The complexity of heat exchangers is reduced to a simplified double-pipe heat exchanger. A standardized methodology for operating and evaluating the experimental tests is presented. In combination with a short review of similar published investigations, this work contributes to the expansion of the experimental database on flushing processes. Parameter studies on the influence of the process temperature and order of flushing fluids are used to validate a numerical simulation model of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 193623336
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Experimental Studies of the Flushing Process of Chocolate in a Test Rig.
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heide%2C+Matti%22">Heide, Matti</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> matti.heide@tu-dresden.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liebmann%2C+Vera%22">Liebmann, Vera</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kricke%2C+Sebastian%22">Kricke, Sebastian</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rüdiger%2C+Frank%22">Rüdiger, Frank</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Majschak%2C+Jens-Peter%22">Majschak, Jens-Peter</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Köhler%2C+Hannes%22">Köhler, Hannes</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Heat+Transfer+Engineering%22">Heat Transfer Engineering</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 47 Issue 11/12, p986-999. 14p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+exchangers%22">Heat exchangers</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Testing+equipment%22">Testing equipment</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sensitivity+analysis%22">Sensitivity analysis</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chocolate+products+industry%22">Chocolate products industry</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cleaning%22">Cleaning</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Empirical+research%22">Empirical research</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The chocolate processing industry offers a constantly growing variety of products. With a limited number of production lines in combination with complex components (e.g. shell-and-tube heat exchangers), product change is a critical step to ensure consumer safety and product quality. Product changes are achieved by displacing the product with a follow-up product. Within the scope of this work, the development of a test rig for the replication of industrial flushing processes is presented. The complexity of heat exchangers is reduced to a simplified double-pipe heat exchanger. A standardized methodology for operating and evaluating the experimental tests is presented. In combination with a short review of similar published investigations, this work contributes to the expansion of the experimental database on flushing processes. Parameter studies on the influence of the process temperature and order of flushing fluids are used to validate a numerical simulation model of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=193623336
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/01457632.2025.2502227
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 986
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Heat exchangers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Testing equipment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sensitivity analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chocolate products industry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Computer simulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cleaning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Empirical research
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Experimental Studies of the Flushing Process of Chocolate in a Test Rig.
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            NameFull: Heide, Matti
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            NameFull: Liebmann, Vera
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            NameFull: Kricke, Sebastian
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            NameFull: Rüdiger, Frank
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Majschak, Jens-Peter
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Köhler, Hannes
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 01457632
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              Value: 47
            – Type: issue
              Value: 11/12
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Heat Transfer Engineering
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