A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Controller with Transport Delay Compensation for Application in Thermo-Hydraulic Circuits.

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Title: A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Controller with Transport Delay Compensation for Application in Thermo-Hydraulic Circuits.
Authors: Soppelsa, Anton1 (AUTHOR) anton.soppelsa@eurac.edu, Fedrizzi, Roberto1 (AUTHOR), Pipiciello, Mauro1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p2128. 34p.
Subject Terms: *Thermal hydraulics, *Time delay systems, *Dynamic testing, *Predictive control systems, *Fluid flow, *Temperature control
Abstract: This paper presents the development and implementation of a two-degree-of-freedom, model-based controller designed to enhance the efficiency and flexibility of a certain class of circuits used in thermo-hydraulic applications. The controller addresses significant challenges such as time-variable transport delays and actuator coupling, which are common in dynamic testing environments. By utilising a model-based control approach and the Smith predictor configuration, the proposed controller simultaneously tracks supply temperature and mass flow rate with improved performance compared to the proportional–integrative–derivative (PID) controller used in our laboratory. The system's effectiveness is demonstrated through a virtual hydraulic complex model developed in the OpenModelica environment and experimental tests, following the implementation of the controller in the laboratory real-time control software. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate that the controller can closely follow pre-programmed temperature and flow rate waveforms while effectively rejecting disturbances, with an RMSE reduction of up to about 80% under the specific test protocol used in this work, making it suitable for applications required to deal with the above constrains, such as laboratory dynamic testing and thermo-mechanical and chemical process regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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An: 193716024
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  Data: A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Controller with Transport Delay Compensation for Application in Thermo-Hydraulic Circuits.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Soppelsa%2C+Anton%22">Soppelsa, Anton</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> anton.soppelsa@eurac.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fedrizzi%2C+Roberto%22">Fedrizzi, Roberto</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pipiciello%2C+Mauro%22">Pipiciello, Mauro</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p2128. 34p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+hydraulics%22">Thermal hydraulics</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time+delay+systems%22">Time delay systems</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dynamic+testing%22">Dynamic testing</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Predictive+control+systems%22">Predictive control systems</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluid+flow%22">Fluid flow</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature+control%22">Temperature control</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This paper presents the development and implementation of a two-degree-of-freedom, model-based controller designed to enhance the efficiency and flexibility of a certain class of circuits used in thermo-hydraulic applications. The controller addresses significant challenges such as time-variable transport delays and actuator coupling, which are common in dynamic testing environments. By utilising a model-based control approach and the Smith predictor configuration, the proposed controller simultaneously tracks supply temperature and mass flow rate with improved performance compared to the proportional–integrative–derivative (PID) controller used in our laboratory. The system's effectiveness is demonstrated through a virtual hydraulic complex model developed in the OpenModelica environment and experimental tests, following the implementation of the controller in the laboratory real-time control software. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate that the controller can closely follow pre-programmed temperature and flow rate waveforms while effectively rejecting disturbances, with an RMSE reduction of up to about 80% under the specific test protocol used in this work, making it suitable for applications required to deal with the above constrains, such as laboratory dynamic testing and thermo-mechanical and chemical process regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/en19092128
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 34
        StartPage: 2128
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Thermal hydraulics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Time delay systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dynamic testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Predictive control systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fluid flow
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Temperature control
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Controller with Transport Delay Compensation for Application in Thermo-Hydraulic Circuits.
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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