View in EDS

Evaluation of MERRA-2 PM2.5 species at three locations in India and their historical (1999–2019) trends.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Evaluation of MERRA-2 PM2.5 species at three locations in India and their historical (1999–2019) trends.
Authors: Devaliya, Sandeep1 (AUTHOR) sandeep.nitb92@gmail.com, Patra, Sayak1 (AUTHOR) sayak23@iiserb.ac.in, Maheshwarkar, Prem1 (AUTHOR) prem.97mah.pm@gmail.com, Bhardwaj, Ankur1 (AUTHOR) ankurbhardwaj567@gmail.com, Haswani, Diksha1 (AUTHOR) haswani19@iiserb.ac.in, Shukla, Deeksha1 (AUTHOR) deeksha19.iiserb@gmail.com, Sunder Raman, Ramya1 (AUTHOR) ramyasr@iiserb.ac.in, Dhandapani, Abisheg2 (AUTHOR) abishegdhandapani@gmail.com, Kumar, R. Naresh2 (AUTHOR) rnaresh@bitmesra.ac.in, K. P., Jithin3 (AUTHOR) kp.jithin@gmail.com, Kaggere, Lokesh3 (AUTHOR) lokesh.kaggere@gmail.com
Source: Environmental Monitoring & Assessment. May2026, Vol. 198 Issue 5, p1-19. 19p.
Subject Terms: *Chemical speciation, *Trend analysis, *Atmospheric aerosols, *Particulate matter, *Air quality monitoring, *Aerosols, *Retrospective studies, *Climate change
Geographic Terms: India, Mysuru (India)
Abstract: Surface PM2.5 mass reconstructed from MERRA-2 (Modern Era-Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications) chemical species is widely used to assess aerosol-climate interactions and human health impacts, globally. However, species-wise validation of MERRA-2 PM2.5 against in-situ measurements remains sparse over India due to limited ground-based aerosol speciation data. This study presents the first species-wise validation of MERRA-2 PM2.5 components (organic carbon (OC), black carbon (BC), sulfate, sea-salt, and dust) using year-long (2019) in-situ measurements of PM2.5 and its chemical constituents at three geographically distinct Indian sites—Bhopal (central India), Mesra (eastern India), and Mysuru (southern India). Across the study sites, with reference to in-situ species, MERRA-2 OC showed variable agreement, ranging from underestimation (− 23%) to overestimation (+ 22%), while sulfate was predominantly underestimated (− 31% to − 0.36%). Dust and sea-salt were consistently overestimated (+ 36% to + 65% and + 33% to + 300%, respectively), with poor sea-salt correlations (correlation coefficient < 0.2). The annual mean reconstructed MERRA-2 PM2.5 mass (excluding nitrate) underestimated in-situ PM2.5 by 9–27%. Incorporation of estimated nitrate, derived from nitrate-to-sulfate ratios from the CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) reanalysis, reduced the underestimation to 9–17% at Mesra and Mysuru, and resulted in a slight overestimation (2%) at Bhopal. Mann-Kendall trend analysis (1999–2019) of the MERRA-2 species revealed increasing anthropogenic aerosol species (sulfate, OC, and BC), particularly over eastern and central India, likely driven by coal-based power generation and residential biomass burning. These validated, species-wise MERRA-2 PM2.5 products provide a robust supplementary resource for aerosol, air-quality, climate, and health assessments across India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 193884609
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Evaluation of MERRA-2 PM&lt;subscript&gt;2.5&lt;/subscript&gt; species at three locations in India and their historical (1999–2019) trends.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Devaliya%2C+Sandeep%22&quot;&gt;Devaliya, Sandeep&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; sandeep.nitb92@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Patra%2C+Sayak%22&quot;&gt;Patra, Sayak&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; sayak23@iiserb.ac.in&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Maheshwarkar%2C+Prem%22&quot;&gt;Maheshwarkar, Prem&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; prem.97mah.pm@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Bhardwaj%2C+Ankur%22&quot;&gt;Bhardwaj, Ankur&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; ankurbhardwaj567@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Haswani%2C+Diksha%22&quot;&gt;Haswani, Diksha&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; haswani19@iiserb.ac.in&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Shukla%2C+Deeksha%22&quot;&gt;Shukla, Deeksha&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; deeksha19.iiserb@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Sunder+Raman%2C+Ramya%22&quot;&gt;Sunder Raman, Ramya&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; ramyasr@iiserb.ac.in&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Dhandapani%2C+Abisheg%22&quot;&gt;Dhandapani, Abisheg&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; abishegdhandapani@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kumar%2C+R%2E+Naresh%22&quot;&gt;Kumar, R. Naresh&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; rnaresh@bitmesra.ac.in&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22K%2E+P%2E%2C+Jithin%22&quot;&gt;K. P., Jithin&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; kp.jithin@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kaggere%2C+Lokesh%22&quot;&gt;Kaggere, Lokesh&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; lokesh.kaggere@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Environmental+Monitoring+%26+Assessment%22&quot;&gt;Environmental Monitoring &amp; Assessment&lt;/searchLink&gt;. May2026, Vol. 198 Issue 5, p1-19. 19p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Chemical+speciation%22&quot;&gt;Chemical speciation&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Trend+analysis%22&quot;&gt;Trend analysis&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Atmospheric+aerosols%22&quot;&gt;Atmospheric aerosols&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Particulate+matter%22&quot;&gt;Particulate matter&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Air+quality+monitoring%22&quot;&gt;Air quality monitoring&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Aerosols%22&quot;&gt;Aerosols&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Retrospective+studies%22&quot;&gt;Retrospective studies&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;*&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Climate+change%22&quot;&gt;Climate change&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22India%22&quot;&gt;India&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Mysuru+%28India%29%22&quot;&gt;Mysuru (India)&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Surface PM2.5 mass reconstructed from MERRA-2 (Modern Era-Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications) chemical species is widely used to assess aerosol-climate interactions and human health impacts, globally. However, species-wise validation of MERRA-2 PM2.5 against in-situ measurements remains sparse over India due to limited ground-based aerosol speciation data. This study presents the first species-wise validation of MERRA-2 PM2.5 components (organic carbon (OC), black carbon (BC), sulfate, sea-salt, and dust) using year-long (2019) in-situ measurements of PM2.5 and its chemical constituents at three geographically distinct Indian sites—Bhopal (central India), Mesra (eastern India), and Mysuru (southern India). Across the study sites, with reference to in-situ species, MERRA-2 OC showed variable agreement, ranging from underestimation (− 23%) to overestimation (+ 22%), while sulfate was predominantly underestimated (− 31% to − 0.36%). Dust and sea-salt were consistently overestimated (+ 36% to + 65% and + 33% to + 300%, respectively), with poor sea-salt correlations (correlation coefficient &lt; 0.2). The annual mean reconstructed MERRA-2 PM2.5 mass (excluding nitrate) underestimated in-situ PM2.5 by 9–27%. Incorporation of estimated nitrate, derived from nitrate-to-sulfate ratios from the CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) reanalysis, reduced the underestimation to 9–17% at Mesra and Mysuru, and resulted in a slight overestimation (2%) at Bhopal. Mann-Kendall trend analysis (1999–2019) of the MERRA-2 species revealed increasing anthropogenic aerosol species (sulfate, OC, and BC), particularly over eastern and central India, likely driven by coal-based power generation and residential biomass burning. These validated, species-wise MERRA-2 PM2.5 products provide a robust supplementary resource for aerosol, air-quality, climate, and health assessments across India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=193884609
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10661-026-15175-7
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Chemical speciation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Trend analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atmospheric aerosols
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Particulate matter
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Air quality monitoring
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aerosols
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Retrospective studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Climate change
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: India
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mysuru (India)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Evaluation of MERRA-2 PM2.5 species at three locations in India and their historical (1999–2019) trends.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Devaliya, Sandeep
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Patra, Sayak
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Maheshwarkar, Prem
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Bhardwaj, Ankur
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Haswani, Diksha
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Shukla, Deeksha
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Sunder Raman, Ramya
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Dhandapani, Abisheg
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Kumar, R. Naresh
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: K. P., Jithin
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Kaggere, Lokesh
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 01676369
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 198
            – Type: issue
              Value: 5
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Environmental Monitoring & Assessment
              Type: main
ResultId 1