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Immersion test on the mixed sliding zone soil in tuff formation considering environmental factors in evolution process.

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Title: Immersion test on the mixed sliding zone soil in tuff formation considering environmental factors in evolution process.
Authors: Zhang, Jian1 (AUTHOR) ddn029@163.com, Liao, Meiting2 (AUTHOR), Zhu, David Z.1,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Environmental Earth Sciences. May2026, Vol. 85 Issue 11, p1-16. 16p.
Subject Terms: *Water immersion, *Soil composition, *Water temperature, *Microstructure, *Geological formations, *Soil weathering
Abstract: Tuff formations are widely distributed, and the contact zone between shallow weathered tuff and overlying cohesive soil is prone to forming sliding zone. The development of shallow sliding zones in tuff strata involves the combined effects of multi-dimensional environmental factors, e.g., mixing of different soil components, changes in sand content due to rock weathering and seepage, pre-rainfall moisture conditions, immersion depth of surface runoff, and seasonal water temperature variations. To elucidate the roles of these factors in the formation and evolution of sliding zones, immersion tests were conducted to investigate the disintegration characteristics of completely weathered tuff-silty clay mixtures under various environmental conditions. The experimental results demonstrate that: An increase in sand content accelerates the disintegration progress of mixed soil during immersion. Drier initial conditions lead to significantly faster disintegration compared to pre-wetted or fully saturated soils. The influence of immersion depth on disintegration behavior depends on soil composition. Elevated water temperature markedly enhances the disintegration rate of mixed soils, though seasonal temperature variations show negligible effects on pure completely weathered tuff. The impact of environmental factors on the aqueous disintegration of mixed soils correlates with their microstructural characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 194452081
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Immersion test on the mixed sliding zone soil in tuff formation considering environmental factors in evolution process.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Jian%22">Zhang, Jian</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ddn029@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liao%2C+Meiting%22">Liao, Meiting</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhu%2C+David+Z%2E%22">Zhu, David Z.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Earth+Sciences%22">Environmental Earth Sciences</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 85 Issue 11, p1-16. 16p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+immersion%22">Water immersion</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+composition%22">Soil composition</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+temperature%22">Water temperature</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geological+formations%22">Geological formations</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+weathering%22">Soil weathering</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Tuff formations are widely distributed, and the contact zone between shallow weathered tuff and overlying cohesive soil is prone to forming sliding zone. The development of shallow sliding zones in tuff strata involves the combined effects of multi-dimensional environmental factors, e.g., mixing of different soil components, changes in sand content due to rock weathering and seepage, pre-rainfall moisture conditions, immersion depth of surface runoff, and seasonal water temperature variations. To elucidate the roles of these factors in the formation and evolution of sliding zones, immersion tests were conducted to investigate the disintegration characteristics of completely weathered tuff-silty clay mixtures under various environmental conditions. The experimental results demonstrate that: An increase in sand content accelerates the disintegration progress of mixed soil during immersion. Drier initial conditions lead to significantly faster disintegration compared to pre-wetted or fully saturated soils. The influence of immersion depth on disintegration behavior depends on soil composition. Elevated water temperature markedly enhances the disintegration rate of mixed soils, though seasonal temperature variations show negligible effects on pure completely weathered tuff. The impact of environmental factors on the aqueous disintegration of mixed soils correlates with their microstructural characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=194452081
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s12665-026-12984-4
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Water immersion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil composition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water temperature
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geological formations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil weathering
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Immersion test on the mixed sliding zone soil in tuff formation considering environmental factors in evolution process.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Zhang, Jian
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            NameFull: Liao, Meiting
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            NameFull: Zhu, David Z.
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            – D: 25
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 18666280
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              Value: 85
            – Type: issue
              Value: 11
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            – TitleFull: Environmental Earth Sciences
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