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Nanofluid-Driven Heat Transfer Augmentation for Enhanced Geothermal Extraction in U-Shaped Wells.

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Title: Nanofluid-Driven Heat Transfer Augmentation for Enhanced Geothermal Extraction in U-Shaped Wells.
Authors: Guo, Junhui1,2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Jingyi2 (AUTHOR), Gu, Shefeng2,3 (AUTHOR), Li, Jing1,2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Zheng2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Sijia3 (AUTHOR) sijia.wang@hebut.edu.cn
Source: Energies (19961073). Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 11, p2706. 16p.
Subject Terms: *Nanofluids, *Heat transfer, *Finite element method, *Geothermal resources, *Nanoparticles, *Geothermal wells, *Thermal conductivity
Abstract: U-shaped well geothermal energy exploitation has become a key pathway for sustainable energy development, valued for its clean and stable attributes. However, constrained by the limited heat transfer capacity between the wellbore and traditional circulating water, the thermal extraction efficiency of the circulating fluid in the U-shaped well remains difficult to breakthrough, severely hindering the large-scale application. This work conducts a study on the optimization of the thermal conductivity performance of circulating working fluids based on water-phase dispersed nanoparticles, aiming to explore efficient heat transfer methods for the circulating working fluids in geothermal reservoir U-shaped wells. The finite element simulation is employed to analyze the influence of Al2O3 nanoparticle concentration (0–5%) and injection rate (4000–9000 m3/d) on thermal conductivity performance and flow characteristics. The results demonstrate that the Al2O3-H2O nanofluid with a particle size of 10 nm and a concentration of 5% exhibits the optimal heat transfer performance. Under the optimization objective of maximizing net heat output with the pipe-velocity safety constraint satisfied, when the injection rate is 5000 m3/d, the heat extraction efficiency is improved by 21.31% compared with that of pure water. This work may provide theoretical data for efficient geothermal exploitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 194588094
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Nanofluid-Driven Heat Transfer Augmentation for Enhanced Geothermal Extraction in U-Shaped Wells.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guo%2C+Junhui%22">Guo, Junhui</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Jingyi%22">Wang, Jingyi</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gu%2C+Shefeng%22">Gu, Shefeng</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Jing%22">Li, Jing</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Zheng%22">Wang, Zheng</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Sijia%22">Wang, Sijia</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sijia.wang@hebut.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 11, p2706. 16p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanofluids%22">Nanofluids</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+transfer%22">Heat transfer</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finite+element+method%22">Finite element method</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geothermal+resources%22">Geothermal resources</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanoparticles%22">Nanoparticles</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geothermal+wells%22">Geothermal wells</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+conductivity%22">Thermal conductivity</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: U-shaped well geothermal energy exploitation has become a key pathway for sustainable energy development, valued for its clean and stable attributes. However, constrained by the limited heat transfer capacity between the wellbore and traditional circulating water, the thermal extraction efficiency of the circulating fluid in the U-shaped well remains difficult to breakthrough, severely hindering the large-scale application. This work conducts a study on the optimization of the thermal conductivity performance of circulating working fluids based on water-phase dispersed nanoparticles, aiming to explore efficient heat transfer methods for the circulating working fluids in geothermal reservoir U-shaped wells. The finite element simulation is employed to analyze the influence of Al2O3 nanoparticle concentration (0–5%) and injection rate (4000–9000 m3/d) on thermal conductivity performance and flow characteristics. The results demonstrate that the Al2O3-H2O nanofluid with a particle size of 10 nm and a concentration of 5% exhibits the optimal heat transfer performance. Under the optimization objective of maximizing net heat output with the pipe-velocity safety constraint satisfied, when the injection rate is 5000 m3/d, the heat extraction efficiency is improved by 21.31% compared with that of pure water. This work may provide theoretical data for efficient geothermal exploitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/en19112706
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 2706
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Nanofluids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat transfer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Finite element method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geothermal resources
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geothermal wells
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal conductivity
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Nanofluid-Driven Heat Transfer Augmentation for Enhanced Geothermal Extraction in U-Shaped Wells.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Guo, Junhui
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wang, Jingyi
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Gu, Shefeng
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Li, Jing
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wang, Zheng
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Wang, Sijia
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 19961073
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              Value: 19
            – Type: issue
              Value: 11
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Energies (19961073)
              Type: main
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