Scenario-Based Multi-Objective Optimisation for Rural Electrification Under Carbon, Economic, and Equity Constraints.
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| Title: | Scenario-Based Multi-Objective Optimisation for Rural Electrification Under Carbon, Economic, and Equity Constraints. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Ighravwe, Desmond Eseoghene1,2,3 (AUTHOR) deighravwe@bellsuniversity.edu.ng, Babatunde, Olubayo1,2 (AUTHOR), Olanrewaju, Oludolapo Akanni2,3 (AUTHOR), Adetiba, Emmanuel1,2 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Energies (19961073). Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p2922. 27p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Rural electrification, *Multi-objective optimization, *Sub-Saharan Africans, *Renewable energy sources, *Carbon emissions, *Policy sciences, *Sustainable development |
| Geographic Terms: | Nigeria, Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Abstract: | Rural electrification in Sub-Saharan Africa faces a trilemma: cutting carbon emissions, making it economically viable, and achieving fair access to energy for all. This paper develops a multi-objective framework that optimises carbon revenue, net present value (NPV), total energy supply, cooking fuel (firewood and LPG), health costs, and benefit to society. The model uses continuous decision variables: daily energy allocation among four sources (solar, generator, firewood, LPG) to three population groups (men, women, children). The case study is a rural community of 7000 people in Nigeria (Tier 1 energy consumers). Six policy scenarios are considered: baseline, high carbon price, low carbon price, microfinance, government subsidy and community cooperative. This study compared algorithms and identified a hybrid Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimisation II as the most suitable algorithm for solving the formulated optimisation problem. It was found that NPV and unit cost of energy would increase to $175,500 and 26.4 ¢/kWh, respectively, by increasing the price of carbon from $8/ton to $12/ton. Firewood generates health savings and carbon revenue in the range of $4100–$12,270/year. Prices below $8/ton do not induce optimal reconfigurations in the system. The best energy supply (2825 kWh/day) and the lowest unsatisfied demand occur in the government subsidy scenario with the greatest disparity index, displaying an equity-efficiency trade-off. The framework shows that sustainable access to energy can be unlocked using strategic integration of carbon finance, valuation of health benefits and equity constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Database: | Energy & Power Source |
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| Header | DbId: enr DbLabel: Energy & Power Source An: 194909371 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Scenario-Based Multi-Objective Optimisation for Rural Electrification Under Carbon, Economic, and Equity Constraints. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ighravwe%2C+Desmond+Eseoghene%22">Ighravwe, Desmond Eseoghene</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> deighravwe@bellsuniversity.edu.ng</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Babatunde%2C+Olubayo%22">Babatunde, Olubayo</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Olanrewaju%2C+Oludolapo+Akanni%22">Olanrewaju, Oludolapo Akanni</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Adetiba%2C+Emmanuel%22">Adetiba, Emmanuel</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p2922. 27p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rural+electrification%22">Rural electrification</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multi-objective+optimization%22">Multi-objective optimization</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sub-Saharan+Africans%22">Sub-Saharan Africans</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Renewable+energy+sources%22">Renewable energy sources</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+emissions%22">Carbon emissions</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Policy+sciences%22">Policy sciences</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sustainable+development%22">Sustainable development</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nigeria%22">Nigeria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sub-Saharan+Africa%22">Sub-Saharan Africa</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Rural electrification in Sub-Saharan Africa faces a trilemma: cutting carbon emissions, making it economically viable, and achieving fair access to energy for all. This paper develops a multi-objective framework that optimises carbon revenue, net present value (NPV), total energy supply, cooking fuel (firewood and LPG), health costs, and benefit to society. The model uses continuous decision variables: daily energy allocation among four sources (solar, generator, firewood, LPG) to three population groups (men, women, children). The case study is a rural community of 7000 people in Nigeria (Tier 1 energy consumers). Six policy scenarios are considered: baseline, high carbon price, low carbon price, microfinance, government subsidy and community cooperative. This study compared algorithms and identified a hybrid Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimisation II as the most suitable algorithm for solving the formulated optimisation problem. It was found that NPV and unit cost of energy would increase to $175,500 and 26.4 ¢/kWh, respectively, by increasing the price of carbon from $8/ton to $12/ton. Firewood generates health savings and carbon revenue in the range of $4100–$12,270/year. Prices below $8/ton do not induce optimal reconfigurations in the system. The best energy supply (2825 kWh/day) and the lowest unsatisfied demand occur in the government subsidy scenario with the greatest disparity index, displaying an equity-efficiency trade-off. The framework shows that sustainable access to energy can be unlocked using strategic integration of carbon finance, valuation of health benefits and equity constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=194909371 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/en19122922 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 27 StartPage: 2922 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Rural electrification Type: general – SubjectFull: Multi-objective optimization Type: general – SubjectFull: Sub-Saharan Africans Type: general – SubjectFull: Renewable energy sources Type: general – SubjectFull: Carbon emissions Type: general – SubjectFull: Policy sciences Type: general – SubjectFull: Sustainable development Type: general – SubjectFull: Nigeria Type: general – SubjectFull: Sub-Saharan Africa Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Scenario-Based Multi-Objective Optimisation for Rural Electrification Under Carbon, Economic, and Equity Constraints. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ighravwe, Desmond Eseoghene – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Babatunde, Olubayo – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Olanrewaju, Oludolapo Akanni – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Adetiba, Emmanuel IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 06 Text: Jun2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 19961073 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 19 – Type: issue Value: 12 Titles: – TitleFull: Energies (19961073) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
