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Deciphering the Failure Mechanism and Improvement Strategy of High‐Sulfur‐Loading Na‐S Batteries and Promoting Polysulfide Conversion by Electrochemically Reconstructed Cu1.84Mo6S8/Na2Cu4S3 Heterostructure

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Title: Deciphering the Failure Mechanism and Improvement Strategy of High‐Sulfur‐Loading Na‐S Batteries and Promoting Polysulfide Conversion by Electrochemically Reconstructed Cu1.84Mo6S8/Na2Cu4S3 Heterostructure
Authors: Qu, Xinbo1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Yunqiang1 (AUTHOR) yun_zhang@qlu.edu.cn, Chang, Chengshuai2 (AUTHOR), Li, Li3,4 (AUTHOR) lilicmu@alumni.cmu.edu, Jing, Laiying1 (AUTHOR), Chen, Shunwei1 (AUTHOR), Li, Mei1 (AUTHOR) lim@qlu.edu.cn, Zheng, Qiuju1 (AUTHOR), Lu, Qian1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Yanfei1 (AUTHOR) zhangyf@qlu.edu.cn
Source: Advanced Energy Materials. 7/1/2026, Vol. 16 Issue 25, p1-14. 14p.
Subject Terms: *Sodium-sulfur batteries, *Polysulfides, *Chemical reactions, *Electrochemicals industry, *Catalysis
Abstract: High‐sulfur‐loading RT Na‐S batteries usually encounter the "under‐voltage failure" problem, which will lead to battery damage and long‐term cycling termination. Herein, we investigate the failure causes and mitigate the failure issue at both the battery level (polyethylene@ketjen black‐polyacrylonitrile‐glass fiber@ketjen black (PE@KB‐PAN‐GF@KB) composite separator construction) and material level (Te addition) through alleviating chemical/physical micro‐short circuits. To catalyze the conversion of sodium polysulfides (NaPSs), by referring to the PE@Te/KB‐PAN‐GF@KB separator model, we reassemble a high‐sulfur‐loading RT Na‐S battery with a PE@Te/resin carbon‐PAN‐GF@MoO3/resin carbon composite separator, and innovatively propose an electrochemical reconstruction strategy for generating a Cu1.84Mo6S8/Na2Cu4S3 heterojunction catalyst encapsulated in resin carbon. It is uncovered that at the interface between the conductive Cu1.84Mo6S8 and the adsorptive Na2Cu4S3, a built‐in electric field spontaneously emerges to achieve the redistribution of interface charges and expand the active area for capture‐migration‐transformation of NaPSs. Moreover, the lower conversion barrier heightens the catalytic activity of Cu1.84Mo6S8/Na2Cu4S3 during the bidirectional sulfur conversion process. Consequently, the high‐sulfur‐loading RT Na‐S battery featuring the reconstructed Cu1.84Mo6S8/Na2Cu4S3 heterojunction delivers outstanding electrochemical performance and excellent cycle life. This comprehensive research deepens the understanding of the failure behaviors and performance improvement mechanisms of RT Na‐S batteries, and guides the synthesis of heterostructures for advanced batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 195038339
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Deciphering the Failure Mechanism and Improvement Strategy of High‐Sulfur‐Loading Na‐S Batteries and Promoting Polysulfide Conversion by Electrochemically Reconstructed Cu<subscript>1.84</subscript>Mo<subscript>6</subscript>S<subscript>8</subscript>/Na<subscript>2</subscript>Cu<subscript>4</subscript>S<subscript>3</subscript> Heterostructure
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qu%2C+Xinbo%22">Qu, Xinbo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Yunqiang%22">Zhang, Yunqiang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yun_zhang@qlu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chang%2C+Chengshuai%22">Chang, Chengshuai</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Li%22">Li, Li</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lilicmu@alumni.cmu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jing%2C+Laiying%22">Jing, Laiying</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Shunwei%22">Chen, Shunwei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Mei%22">Li, Mei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lim@qlu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zheng%2C+Qiuju%22">Zheng, Qiuju</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lu%2C+Qian%22">Lu, Qian</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Yanfei%22">Zhang, Yanfei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zhangyf@qlu.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Advanced+Energy+Materials%22">Advanced Energy Materials</searchLink>. 7/1/2026, Vol. 16 Issue 25, p1-14. 14p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sodium-sulfur+batteries%22">Sodium-sulfur batteries</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polysulfides%22">Polysulfides</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+reactions%22">Chemical reactions</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrochemicals+industry%22">Electrochemicals industry</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Catalysis%22">Catalysis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: High‐sulfur‐loading RT Na‐S batteries usually encounter the "under‐voltage failure" problem, which will lead to battery damage and long‐term cycling termination. Herein, we investigate the failure causes and mitigate the failure issue at both the battery level (polyethylene@ketjen black‐polyacrylonitrile‐glass fiber@ketjen black (PE@KB‐PAN‐GF@KB) composite separator construction) and material level (Te addition) through alleviating chemical/physical micro‐short circuits. To catalyze the conversion of sodium polysulfides (NaPSs), by referring to the PE@Te/KB‐PAN‐GF@KB separator model, we reassemble a high‐sulfur‐loading RT Na‐S battery with a PE@Te/resin carbon‐PAN‐GF@MoO3/resin carbon composite separator, and innovatively propose an electrochemical reconstruction strategy for generating a Cu1.84Mo6S8/Na2Cu4S3 heterojunction catalyst encapsulated in resin carbon. It is uncovered that at the interface between the conductive Cu1.84Mo6S8 and the adsorptive Na2Cu4S3, a built‐in electric field spontaneously emerges to achieve the redistribution of interface charges and expand the active area for capture‐migration‐transformation of NaPSs. Moreover, the lower conversion barrier heightens the catalytic activity of Cu1.84Mo6S8/Na2Cu4S3 during the bidirectional sulfur conversion process. Consequently, the high‐sulfur‐loading RT Na‐S battery featuring the reconstructed Cu1.84Mo6S8/Na2Cu4S3 heterojunction delivers outstanding electrochemical performance and excellent cycle life. This comprehensive research deepens the understanding of the failure behaviors and performance improvement mechanisms of RT Na‐S batteries, and guides the synthesis of heterostructures for advanced batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/aenm.71040
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Sodium-sulfur batteries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polysulfides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemical reactions
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      – SubjectFull: Electrochemicals industry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Catalysis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Deciphering the Failure Mechanism and Improvement Strategy of High‐Sulfur‐Loading Na‐S Batteries and Promoting Polysulfide Conversion by Electrochemically Reconstructed Cu1.84Mo6S8/Na2Cu4S3 Heterostructure
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: 7/1/2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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