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Influence of Tie Beams on the Settlement Behavior of Isolated Footings on Heterogeneous Ground.

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Title: Influence of Tie Beams on the Settlement Behavior of Isolated Footings on Heterogeneous Ground.
Authors: Gunathilaka, L. T. D.1 (AUTHOR), Sampath, K. H. S. M.1 (AUTHOR), De Silva, L. I. N.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Geomechanics. Sep2026, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p1-13. 13p.
Subject Terms: *Building foundations, *Continuous beams (Structural engineering), *Finite element method, *Soil stabilization, *Land subsidence, *Soils
Abstract: Isolated pad foundations are commonly used in low-rise structures and are often connected with tie beams, although their contribution to settlement control is typically underestimated. This study investigates the influence of tie beams on the performance of footings resting on heterogeneous ground comprising sand and peat. Two small-scale physical model tests conducted with and without tie beams were used to calibrate a three-dimensional finite-element model, which was then extended for parametric analyses. The results show that tie beams significantly increase system stiffness, reduce total settlement on weak peat by 73%–79%, and decrease differential settlement by about 78%, lowering angular distortion from 106/300 to 23/300. Without tie beams, settlement propagated to a depth of roughly 5B (where B is the footing width), whereas tie beams confined deformation to about 3.5B, demonstrating their ability to restrict deep-seated movement. Parametric studies revealed that with partial soil improvement, tie-connected systems achieved near-zero differential settlement at an improved thickness of 1.5B, while unconnected systems required full improvement of the peat layer (approximately 3B). Lateral improvement up to 1.5B was also sufficient when combined with tie beams. The findings highlight how tie beams, with limited ground improvement, provide a cost-effective and sustainable approach for managing settlement on variable ground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Database: Energy & Power Source
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Header DbId: enr
DbLabel: Energy & Power Source
An: 195380171
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: Influence of Tie Beams on the Settlement Behavior of Isolated Footings on Heterogeneous Ground.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Geomechanics%22">International Journal of Geomechanics</searchLink>. Sep2026, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p1-13. 13p.
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  Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Building+foundations%22">Building foundations</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Continuous+beams+%28Structural+engineering%29%22">Continuous beams (Structural engineering)</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finite+element+method%22">Finite element method</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+stabilization%22">Soil stabilization</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Land+subsidence%22">Land subsidence</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soils%22">Soils</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Isolated pad foundations are commonly used in low-rise structures and are often connected with tie beams, although their contribution to settlement control is typically underestimated. This study investigates the influence of tie beams on the performance of footings resting on heterogeneous ground comprising sand and peat. Two small-scale physical model tests conducted with and without tie beams were used to calibrate a three-dimensional finite-element model, which was then extended for parametric analyses. The results show that tie beams significantly increase system stiffness, reduce total settlement on weak peat by 73%–79%, and decrease differential settlement by about 78%, lowering angular distortion from 106/300 to 23/300. Without tie beams, settlement propagated to a depth of roughly 5B (where B is the footing width), whereas tie beams confined deformation to about 3.5B, demonstrating their ability to restrict deep-seated movement. Parametric studies revealed that with partial soil improvement, tie-connected systems achieved near-zero differential settlement at an improved thickness of 1.5B, while unconnected systems required full improvement of the peat layer (approximately 3B). Lateral improvement up to 1.5B was also sufficient when combined with tie beams. The findings highlight how tie beams, with limited ground improvement, provide a cost-effective and sustainable approach for managing settlement on variable ground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=195380171
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1061/IJGNAI.GMENG-14073
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Building foundations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Continuous beams (Structural engineering)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Finite element method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil stabilization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Land subsidence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soils
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Influence of Tie Beams on the Settlement Behavior of Isolated Footings on Heterogeneous Ground.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Gunathilaka, L. T. D.
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            NameFull: Sampath, K. H. S. M.
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            NameFull: De Silva, L. I. N.
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 26
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              Value: 9
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            – TitleFull: International Journal of Geomechanics
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