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Beyond network-based approaches: uncovering the true cost of connectivity.

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Title: Beyond network-based approaches: uncovering the true cost of connectivity.
Authors: Argote, Karolina1 (AUTHOR), Geslin, Benoît1,2 (AUTHOR), Hernandez-Possémé, Lucyle3 (AUTHOR), Queru, Mailys1 (AUTHOR), Santonja, Mathieu1 (AUTHOR), Albert, Cécile H.1 (AUTHOR) cecile.albert@imbe.fr
Source: Landscape Ecology. Aug2026, Vol. 41 Issue 8, p1-15. 15p.
Abstract: Context: Fragmented landscapes challenge biodiversity conservation. While connectivity elements are promoted to mitigate the effects of fragmentation, their effectiveness remains debated. Objectives: This study evaluates the effectiveness of corridors and stepping stones in enhancing dispersal success and population dynamics in a high-resistance matrix. We compare two experimental approaches: a landscape-based design that explicitly accounts for matrix resistance, and a traditional network-based design in which habitat patches are connected by tubes. Methods: We conducted a laboratory experiment using the microarthropod model Folsomia candida, manipulating fragmentation by varying the distance between four habitat patches embedded in a high-resistance matrix. Connectivity elements (corridors and stepping stones) were tested and compared with unconnected landscapes (control) and network-based designs. Over 12 weeks, we monitored colonization success, population size, reproduction rate, and adult survival using AI-based image analysis. Results: The presence of corridors as a connectivity element enhanced the colonization of initially empty patches, but their effectiveness was distance-dependent. Stepping stones did not differ from the non-connected control landscapes. Interestingly, the largest total populations were found in the non-connected control landscapes, where restricted dispersal resulted in higher reproduction, indicating a trade-off between movement and reproduction. The highest mortality of released adults was observed in landscapes with corridors, whereas higher recruitment was observed in stepping stones landscapes. Network-based designs yielded a higher population size in initially empty patches compared to landscape-scale designs. However, as they bypassed matrix-related dispersal costs, they led to a miss-estimation of the movement, reproduction, survival and recruitment processes. Conclusions: Connectivity elements can support dispersal and reproduction, but may also increase mortality in resistant matrices. Conservation strategies should incorporate matrix resistance and landscape-scale context to better promote population dynamics in fragmented landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: Beyond network-based approaches: uncovering the true cost of connectivity.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Argote%2C+Karolina%22">Argote, Karolina</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Geslin%2C+Benoît%22">Geslin, Benoît</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hernandez-Possémé%2C+Lucyle%22">Hernandez-Possémé, Lucyle</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Queru%2C+Mailys%22">Queru, Mailys</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Santonja%2C+Mathieu%22">Santonja, Mathieu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Albert%2C+Cécile+H%2E%22">Albert, Cécile H.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cecile.albert@imbe.fr</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Landscape+Ecology%22">Landscape Ecology</searchLink>. Aug2026, Vol. 41 Issue 8, p1-15. 15p.
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Context: Fragmented landscapes challenge biodiversity conservation. While connectivity elements are promoted to mitigate the effects of fragmentation, their effectiveness remains debated. Objectives: This study evaluates the effectiveness of corridors and stepping stones in enhancing dispersal success and population dynamics in a high-resistance matrix. We compare two experimental approaches: a landscape-based design that explicitly accounts for matrix resistance, and a traditional network-based design in which habitat patches are connected by tubes. Methods: We conducted a laboratory experiment using the microarthropod model Folsomia candida, manipulating fragmentation by varying the distance between four habitat patches embedded in a high-resistance matrix. Connectivity elements (corridors and stepping stones) were tested and compared with unconnected landscapes (control) and network-based designs. Over 12 weeks, we monitored colonization success, population size, reproduction rate, and adult survival using AI-based image analysis. Results: The presence of corridors as a connectivity element enhanced the colonization of initially empty patches, but their effectiveness was distance-dependent. Stepping stones did not differ from the non-connected control landscapes. Interestingly, the largest total populations were found in the non-connected control landscapes, where restricted dispersal resulted in higher reproduction, indicating a trade-off between movement and reproduction. The highest mortality of released adults was observed in landscapes with corridors, whereas higher recruitment was observed in stepping stones landscapes. Network-based designs yielded a higher population size in initially empty patches compared to landscape-scale designs. However, as they bypassed matrix-related dispersal costs, they led to a miss-estimation of the movement, reproduction, survival and recruitment processes. Conclusions: Connectivity elements can support dispersal and reproduction, but may also increase mortality in resistant matrices. Conservation strategies should incorporate matrix resistance and landscape-scale context to better promote population dynamics in fragmented landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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        Value: 10.1007/s10980-026-02382-3
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        Text: English
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              M: 08
              Text: Aug2026
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              Y: 2026
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