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Developmental Patterns in the Encoding and Combination of Logical Connectives. Technical Report No. 2.

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Title: Developmental Patterns in the Encoding and Combination of Logical Connectives. Technical Report No. 2.
Language: English
Authors: Sternberg, Robert J., Yale Univ., New Haven, CT. Dept. of Psychology.
Peer Reviewed: N
Page Count: 55
Publication Date: 1978
Sponsoring Agency: National Science Foundation, Washington, DC.
Contract Number: BNS-76-05311
Document Type: Reports - Research
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Comprehension, Elementary Secondary Education, Higher Education, Intellectual Development, Language Acquisition, Language Learning Levels, Language Patterns, Language Research, Language Skills, Linguistic Competence, Structural Analysis
Geographic Terms: U.S.; Connecticut
Abstract: A total of 224 subjects participated in a study to determine how children and adults comprehend logical connectives. Specifically, the study examined the effects of age, content, and practice on the encoding and combination of logical relationships expressed by six types of logical connectives: conjunction, disjunction, conditionality, biconditionality, simple affirmation, and simple negation. The subjects were drawn from grades 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 12, and college. Half completed a task that required them merely to encode the connectives; the other half were required to combine as well as encode them. The results revealed significant effects of task, age, session, and connective, with comprehension of different connectives developing at different rates. Children as young as second grade encoded the connectives in consistent ways; however, it was not until fourth grade that they showed evidence of consistent combination of connectives. In general, comprehension of the conjunctive connective was the easiest, while comprehension of the conditional and biconditional connectives proved to be the most difficult. (Tables of results are included.) (FL)
Journal Code: RIEJUN1979
Entry Date: 1979
Accession Number: ED165093
Database: ERIC
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  Data: 55
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  Data: 1978
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  Data: A total of 224 subjects participated in a study to determine how children and adults comprehend logical connectives. Specifically, the study examined the effects of age, content, and practice on the encoding and combination of logical relationships expressed by six types of logical connectives: conjunction, disjunction, conditionality, biconditionality, simple affirmation, and simple negation. The subjects were drawn from grades 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 12, and college. Half completed a task that required them merely to encode the connectives; the other half were required to combine as well as encode them. The results revealed significant effects of task, age, session, and connective, with comprehension of different connectives developing at different rates. Children as young as second grade encoded the connectives in consistent ways; however, it was not until fourth grade that they showed evidence of consistent combination of connectives. In general, comprehension of the conjunctive connective was the easiest, while comprehension of the conditional and biconditional connectives proved to be the most difficult. (Tables of results are included.) (FL)
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      – SubjectFull: Comprehension
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      – SubjectFull: Elementary Secondary Education
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      – SubjectFull: Language Acquisition
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      – SubjectFull: Language Research
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      – SubjectFull: Linguistic Competence
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      – SubjectFull: Structural Analysis
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      – SubjectFull: U.S.; Connecticut
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      – TitleFull: Developmental Patterns in the Encoding and Combination of Logical Connectives. Technical Report No. 2.
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