Human Processing of Knowledge from Texts: Acquisition, Integration, and Reasoning.
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| Title: | Human Processing of Knowledge from Texts: Acquisition, Integration, and Reasoning. |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Thorndyke, Perry W., Hayes-Roth, Barbara, Rand Corp., Santa Monica, CA. |
| Availability: | The Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90406 ($7.00) |
| Peer Reviewed: | N |
| Page Count: | 166 |
| Publication Date: | 1979 |
| Sponsoring Agency: | Advanced Research Projects Agency (DOD), Washington, DC. |
| Contract Number: | DAHC15-73-C-0181 |
| Report Number: | R-2256-ARPA |
| Document Type: | Reports - Research |
| Descriptors: | Advance Organizers, Cognitive Processes, Directed Reading Activity, Higher Education, Learning Processes, Reading Comprehension, Reading Materials, Reading Research, Research Projects, Retention (Psychology) |
| Geographic Terms: | U.S.; California |
| ISBN: | 978-0-8330-0149-8 |
| Abstract: | This report documents a series of studies on how undergraduate students learn from and reason with textual information. The studies described were undertaken to produce models that could serve as the basis for designing computer systems capable of structuring and presenting text material in optimal formats. Divided into sections, the report presents five sets of studies evaluating particular processing models and optimization techniques to improve reading comprehension and retention, including the use of schemata in the acquisition and transfer of knowledge, knowledge acquisition from newspaper stories, the integration of knowledge from text, configural effects in memory, and text annotation as a technique for facilitating knowledge integration. The last section of the report discusses ten conclusions, among which are that presenting new information in well-learned structural organizations can facilitate learning that information, that eliminating redundancy and irrelevant commentary from newspaper stories facilitates assimilation and retention of important facts, and that annotating texts with references to related facts that have occurred in previous texts facilitates general inferential reasoning from the texts. (AEA) |
| Journal Code: | RIEJUN1980 |
| Entry Date: | 1980 |
| Accession Number: | ED181421 |
| Database: | ERIC |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 CustomLinks: – Url: https://eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery/servlet/ERICServlet?accno=ED181421 Name: ERIC Full Text Category: fullText Text: Full Text from ERIC |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Human Processing of Knowledge from Texts: Acquisition, Integration, and Reasoning. – Name: Language Label: Language Group: Lang Data: English – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thorndyke%2C+Perry+W%2E%22">Thorndyke, Perry W.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hayes-Roth%2C+Barbara%22">Hayes-Roth, Barbara</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rand+Corp%2E%2C+Santa+Monica%2C+CA%2E%22">Rand Corp., Santa Monica, CA.</searchLink> – Name: Avail Label: Availability Group: Avail Data: The Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90406 ($7.00) – Name: PeerReviewed Label: Peer Reviewed Group: SrcInfo Data: N – Name: Pages Label: Page Count Group: Src Data: 166 – Name: DatePubCY Label: Publication Date Group: Date Data: 1979 – Name: SourceSuprt Label: Sponsoring Agency Group: SrcSuprt Data: Advanced Research Projects Agency (DOD), Washington, DC. – Name: NumberContract Label: Contract Number Group: NumCntrct Data: DAHC15-73-C-0181 – Name: NumberReport Label: Report Number Group: ID Data: R-2256-ARPA – Name: TypeDocument Label: Document Type Group: TypDoc Data: Reports - Research – Name: Subject Label: Descriptors Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Advance+Organizers%22">Advance Organizers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Processes%22">Cognitive Processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Directed+Reading+Activity%22">Directed Reading Activity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Higher+Education%22">Higher Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+Processes%22">Learning Processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reading+Comprehension%22">Reading Comprehension</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reading+Materials%22">Reading Materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reading+Research%22">Reading Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+Projects%22">Research Projects</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retention+%28Psychology%29%22">Retention (Psychology)</searchLink> – Name: Subject Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22U%2ES%2E%3B+California%22">U.S.; California</searchLink> – Name: ISBN Label: ISBN Group: ISBN Data: 978-0-8330-0149-8 – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This report documents a series of studies on how undergraduate students learn from and reason with textual information. The studies described were undertaken to produce models that could serve as the basis for designing computer systems capable of structuring and presenting text material in optimal formats. Divided into sections, the report presents five sets of studies evaluating particular processing models and optimization techniques to improve reading comprehension and retention, including the use of schemata in the acquisition and transfer of knowledge, knowledge acquisition from newspaper stories, the integration of knowledge from text, configural effects in memory, and text annotation as a technique for facilitating knowledge integration. The last section of the report discusses ten conclusions, among which are that presenting new information in well-learned structural organizations can facilitate learning that information, that eliminating redundancy and irrelevant commentary from newspaper stories facilitates assimilation and retention of important facts, and that annotating texts with references to related facts that have occurred in previous texts facilitates general inferential reasoning from the texts. (AEA) – Name: CodeSource Label: Journal Code Group: SrcInfo Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JC" term="%22RIEJUN1980%22">RIEJUN1980</searchLink> – Name: DateEntry Label: Entry Date Group: Date Data: 1980 – Name: AN Label: Accession Number Group: ID Data: ED181421 |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=ED181421 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Languages: – Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 166 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Advance Organizers Type: general – SubjectFull: Cognitive Processes Type: general – SubjectFull: Directed Reading Activity Type: general – SubjectFull: Higher Education Type: general – SubjectFull: Learning Processes Type: general – SubjectFull: Reading Comprehension Type: general – SubjectFull: Reading Materials Type: general – SubjectFull: Reading Research Type: general – SubjectFull: Research Projects Type: general – SubjectFull: Retention (Psychology) Type: general – SubjectFull: U.S.; California Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Human Processing of Knowledge from Texts: Acquisition, Integration, and Reasoning. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Rand Corp., Santa Monica, CA. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Thorndyke, Perry W. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hayes-Roth, Barbara IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 06 Type: published Y: 1979 Identifiers: – Type: isbn-print Value: 978-0-8330-0149-8 |
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