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The Role of Utility Value in Promoting Interest Development

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Title: The Role of Utility Value in Promoting Interest Development
Language: English
Authors: Hecht, Cameron A. (ORCID 0000-0003-4842-6003), Grande, Matthew R. (ORCID 0000-0001-9398-6531), Harackiewicz, Judith M. (ORCID 0000-0003-4748-1174)
Source: Grantee Submission. 2020.
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 21
Publication Date: 2020
Sponsoring Agency: National Institutes of Health (NIH) (DHHS)
Institute of Education Sciences (ED)
Contract Number: 2R01GM10270305
R305B150003
Document Type: Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Student Interests, Learning Motivation, Instructional Materials, Undergraduate Students, Majors (Students), Intervention, Introductory Courses
DOI: 10.1037/mot0000182
Abstract: An individual's initial interest in a topic may quickly fade, or it may become deeper and more enduring. One factor that may support an emerging interest is to discover utility value (or usefulness) in the topic. Instructional materials that emphasize the utility value of a topic can enhance learning and motivation, but whether these materials can foster interest development among individuals who show initial interest in a topic is uncertain. Across two studies, we tested utility-value (UV) manipulations under conditions in which we expected the manipulations to promote the development of interest. In Study 1, we manipulated whether participants received utility-value information during a learning session and found that such information triggered a state of interest for participants who had reported higher levels of interest at the outset of the session. In Study 2, we provided all participants with the same utility-value information provided to some participants in Study 1, and then manipulated whether they wrote one of three kinds of essays about the utility value of the task (or a control topic). For participants with higher interest, we found that subsequent reflection on the usefulness of the material for the distant future in a writing activity (rather than the present or near future) further promoted interest development. In addition, engaging in any type of utility-value writing improved performance on a test of the material--overall, and specifically for less confident participants--replicating previous research. Findings suggest that, under the right conditions, emphasizing utility value can catalyze the interest-development process. [This is the online version of an article published in "Motivation Science" (ISSN 2333-8113).]
Abstractor: As Provided
IES Funded: Yes
Entry Date: 2022
Accession Number: ED616415
Database: ERIC
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hecht%2C+Cameron+A%2E%22">Hecht, Cameron A.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4842-6003">0000-0003-4842-6003</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Grande%2C+Matthew+R%2E%22">Grande, Matthew R.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-6531">0000-0001-9398-6531</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Harackiewicz%2C+Judith+M%2E%22">Harackiewicz, Judith M.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-1174">0000-0003-4748-1174</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Grantee+Submission%22"><i>Grantee Submission</i></searchLink>. 2020.
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  Data: 21
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Interests%22">Student Interests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+Motivation%22">Learning Motivation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Instructional+Materials%22">Instructional Materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Undergraduate+Students%22">Undergraduate Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Majors+%28Students%29%22">Majors (Students)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Introductory+Courses%22">Introductory Courses</searchLink>
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  Data: An individual's initial interest in a topic may quickly fade, or it may become deeper and more enduring. One factor that may support an emerging interest is to discover utility value (or usefulness) in the topic. Instructional materials that emphasize the utility value of a topic can enhance learning and motivation, but whether these materials can foster interest development among individuals who show initial interest in a topic is uncertain. Across two studies, we tested utility-value (UV) manipulations under conditions in which we expected the manipulations to promote the development of interest. In Study 1, we manipulated whether participants received utility-value information during a learning session and found that such information triggered a state of interest for participants who had reported higher levels of interest at the outset of the session. In Study 2, we provided all participants with the same utility-value information provided to some participants in Study 1, and then manipulated whether they wrote one of three kinds of essays about the utility value of the task (or a control topic). For participants with higher interest, we found that subsequent reflection on the usefulness of the material for the distant future in a writing activity (rather than the present or near future) further promoted interest development. In addition, engaging in any type of utility-value writing improved performance on a test of the material--overall, and specifically for less confident participants--replicating previous research. Findings suggest that, under the right conditions, emphasizing utility value can catalyze the interest-development process. [This is the online version of an article published in "Motivation Science" (ISSN 2333-8113).]
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