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What Matters Most to Caregivers of Young Children with Autism? Using the Best-Worst Scaling Method to Understand Caregivers' Preferences for Intervention Goals for Their 3-8-Year-Old Children with Autism in Mainland China

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Title: What Matters Most to Caregivers of Young Children with Autism? Using the Best-Worst Scaling Method to Understand Caregivers' Preferences for Intervention Goals for Their 3-8-Year-Old Children with Autism in Mainland China
Language: English
Authors: Lin Sun
Source: ProQuest LLC. 2023Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University.
Availability: ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway, P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Tel: 800-521-0600; Web site: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml
Peer Reviewed: N
Page Count: 200
Publication Date: 2023
Document Type: Dissertations/Theses - Doctoral Dissertations
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Child Caregivers, Children, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Preferences, Intervention, Objectives, Scaling, Methods, Caregiver Attitudes, Individual Characteristics, Individual Differences, Status, Cultural Background, Influences
Geographic Terms: China
ISBN: 979-83-8060-989-0
Abstract: China, classified as a middle-income country by the World Bank, faces a scarcity of resources in providing autism interventions, despite a comparable autism prevalence in the Western world. Most autism interventions in China are imported from high-income countries, highlighting the need to examine whether the focus of the interventions from mixed sources aligns with caregivers' preferences for children with autism in China. This study aimed to understand caregiver preferences for intervention goals and explore potential variations based on child and caregiver characteristics. Additionally, it compared these preferences to goals addressed through interventions. Caregivers living in mainland China and having a 3-8-year-old child with autism enrolled in autism interventions responded to a Qualtrics survey that collected child and caregiver characteristics, and intervention goals pursued. Caregivers' preferences for intervention goals were assessed by choice tasks designed using the Best-Worst (BW) Scaling method. Frequency count and mean BW scores ranked and compared goals pursued and caregivers' preferred goals. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) examined the differences in caregivers' preferences based on child and caregiver characteristics. Caregivers (N = 117) reported diverse intervention goals pursued and indicated varied preferences. Social communication was consistently frequently reported and top-ranked, while repetitive behaviors and improved sleep were least emphasized. Notable discrepancies existed in sensory issues, flexibility with routines, and anxiety. MANOVA revealed significant differences in caregivers' preferences based on these child characteristics: level of expressive language, autism severity, intervention duration, time since diagnosis, having sensory issues, intellectual disabilities, or medical conditions, and use of Relationship-based and Individualized Comprehensive (RICE) approach, musical therapy, or Play-and-living Culture Intervention (PCI). Caregivers' employment status had a slight influence. The finding of social communication as a frequently reported and top-ranked goal aligns with existing literature. The discrepancy underscored children's diverse and complex needs. The use of two local strategies (RICE and PCI) demonstrated the role of cultural relevance in influencing caregivers' preferences. The study context with limited autism resources provides insights for contextually relevant interventions in similar settings. Professionals should prioritize caregivers' preferences for maximum treatment fit. Policy innovations should incentivize value-based autism interventions to achieve the best outcomes. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2024
Access URL: https://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:30690217
Accession Number: ED640030
Database: ERIC
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  Data: China, classified as a middle-income country by the World Bank, faces a scarcity of resources in providing autism interventions, despite a comparable autism prevalence in the Western world. Most autism interventions in China are imported from high-income countries, highlighting the need to examine whether the focus of the interventions from mixed sources aligns with caregivers' preferences for children with autism in China. This study aimed to understand caregiver preferences for intervention goals and explore potential variations based on child and caregiver characteristics. Additionally, it compared these preferences to goals addressed through interventions. Caregivers living in mainland China and having a 3-8-year-old child with autism enrolled in autism interventions responded to a Qualtrics survey that collected child and caregiver characteristics, and intervention goals pursued. Caregivers' preferences for intervention goals were assessed by choice tasks designed using the Best-Worst (BW) Scaling method. Frequency count and mean BW scores ranked and compared goals pursued and caregivers' preferred goals. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) examined the differences in caregivers' preferences based on child and caregiver characteristics. Caregivers (N = 117) reported diverse intervention goals pursued and indicated varied preferences. Social communication was consistently frequently reported and top-ranked, while repetitive behaviors and improved sleep were least emphasized. Notable discrepancies existed in sensory issues, flexibility with routines, and anxiety. MANOVA revealed significant differences in caregivers' preferences based on these child characteristics: level of expressive language, autism severity, intervention duration, time since diagnosis, having sensory issues, intellectual disabilities, or medical conditions, and use of Relationship-based and Individualized Comprehensive (RICE) approach, musical therapy, or Play-and-living Culture Intervention (PCI). Caregivers' employment status had a slight influence. The finding of social communication as a frequently reported and top-ranked goal aligns with existing literature. The discrepancy underscored children's diverse and complex needs. The use of two local strategies (RICE and PCI) demonstrated the role of cultural relevance in influencing caregivers' preferences. The study context with limited autism resources provides insights for contextually relevant interventions in similar settings. Professionals should prioritize caregivers' preferences for maximum treatment fit. Policy innovations should incentivize value-based autism interventions to achieve the best outcomes. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 200
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Child Caregivers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Autism Spectrum Disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Preferences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intervention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Objectives
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scaling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Caregiver Attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Individual Characteristics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Individual Differences
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      – SubjectFull: Status
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      – SubjectFull: Cultural Background
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      – SubjectFull: Influences
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      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: What Matters Most to Caregivers of Young Children with Autism? Using the Best-Worst Scaling Method to Understand Caregivers' Preferences for Intervention Goals for Their 3-8-Year-Old Children with Autism in Mainland China
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