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Diversity and Discrimination in the Classroom. Working Paper 32177

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Title: Diversity and Discrimination in the Classroom. Working Paper 32177
Language: English
Authors: Dan Anderberg, Gordon B. Dahl, Cristina Felfe, Helmut Rainer, Thomas Siedler, National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Source: National Bureau of Economic Research. 2024.
Availability: National Bureau of Economic Research. 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138-5398. Tel: 617-588-0343; Web site: http://www.nber.org
Peer Reviewed: N
Publication Date: 2024
Document Type: Reports - Research
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Ethnic Groups, Intergroup Relations, Trust (Psychology), Student Diversity, Peer Relationship, Immigrants, Cultural Differences, Classroom Environment, Ethnic Stereotypes, Racial Discrimination
Geographic Terms: Germany
Abstract: What makes diversity unifying in some settings but divisive in others? We examine how the mixing of ethnic groups in German schools affects intergroup cooperation and trust. We leverage the quasi-random assignment of students to classrooms within schools to obtain variation in the type of diversity that prevails in a peer group. We combine this with a large-scale, incentivized lab-in-field-experiment based on the investment game, allowing us to assess the in-group bias of native German students in their interactions with fellow natives (in-group) versus immigrants (out-group). We find in-group bias peaks in culturally polarized classrooms, where the native and immigrant groups are both large, but have different religious or language backgrounds. In contrast, in classrooms characterized by non-cultural polarization, fractionalization, or a native supermajority, there are significantly lower levels of own-group favoritism. In terms of mechanisms, we find empirical evidence that culturally polarized classrooms foster negative stereotypes about immigrants' trustworthiness and amplify taste-based discrimination, both of which are costly and lead to lower payouts. In contrast, accurate statistical discrimination is ruled out by design in our experiment. These findings suggest that extra efforts are needed to counteract low levels of inclusivity and trust in culturally polarized environments. [Funding for this report was provided by ifo Institute, University of Munich, University of St. Gallen, and University of Hamburg.]
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2024
Access URL: https://www.nber.org/papers/w32177
Accession Number: ED648126
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Diversity and Discrimination in the Classroom. Working Paper 32177
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dan+Anderberg%22">Dan Anderberg</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gordon+B%2E+Dahl%22">Gordon B. Dahl</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cristina+Felfe%22">Cristina Felfe</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Helmut+Rainer%22">Helmut Rainer</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thomas+Siedler%22">Thomas Siedler</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22National+Bureau+of+Economic+Research+%28NBER%29%22">National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)</searchLink>
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  Data: National Bureau of Economic Research. 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138-5398. Tel: 617-588-0343; Web site: http://www.nber.org
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ethnic+Groups%22">Ethnic Groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intergroup+Relations%22">Intergroup Relations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Trust+%28Psychology%29%22">Trust (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Diversity%22">Student Diversity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Peer+Relationship%22">Peer Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Immigrants%22">Immigrants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cultural+Differences%22">Cultural Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Classroom+Environment%22">Classroom Environment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ethnic+Stereotypes%22">Ethnic Stereotypes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Racial+Discrimination%22">Racial Discrimination</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Germany%22">Germany</searchLink>
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  Data: What makes diversity unifying in some settings but divisive in others? We examine how the mixing of ethnic groups in German schools affects intergroup cooperation and trust. We leverage the quasi-random assignment of students to classrooms within schools to obtain variation in the type of diversity that prevails in a peer group. We combine this with a large-scale, incentivized lab-in-field-experiment based on the investment game, allowing us to assess the in-group bias of native German students in their interactions with fellow natives (in-group) versus immigrants (out-group). We find in-group bias peaks in culturally polarized classrooms, where the native and immigrant groups are both large, but have different religious or language backgrounds. In contrast, in classrooms characterized by non-cultural polarization, fractionalization, or a native supermajority, there are significantly lower levels of own-group favoritism. In terms of mechanisms, we find empirical evidence that culturally polarized classrooms foster negative stereotypes about immigrants' trustworthiness and amplify taste-based discrimination, both of which are costly and lead to lower payouts. In contrast, accurate statistical discrimination is ruled out by design in our experiment. These findings suggest that extra efforts are needed to counteract low levels of inclusivity and trust in culturally polarized environments. [Funding for this report was provided by ifo Institute, University of Munich, University of St. Gallen, and University of Hamburg.]
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      – Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ethnic Groups
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intergroup Relations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Trust (Psychology)
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      – SubjectFull: Student Diversity
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      – SubjectFull: Peer Relationship
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      – SubjectFull: Immigrants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cultural Differences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Classroom Environment
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      – SubjectFull: Ethnic Stereotypes
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      – SubjectFull: Racial Discrimination
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Germany
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Diversity and Discrimination in the Classroom. Working Paper 32177
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