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Reducing Exclusionary Discipline in Early Care and Education Programs: An Examination of the Arkansas Model

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Title: Reducing Exclusionary Discipline in Early Care and Education Programs: An Examination of the Arkansas Model
Language: English
Authors: Todd Grindal, Kirby Chow, Christen Park, Sheila Smith, Nicola Conners Edge, SRI Education, Arkansas Department of Human Services (DHS), Division of Child Care and Early Childhood Education (DCCEDE), National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP)
Source: SRI Education, a Division of SRI International. 2023.
Availability: SRI International. 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025. Tel: 650-859-2000; e-mail: customer.service@sri.com; Web site: https://www.sri.com/
Peer Reviewed: N
Page Count: 9
Publication Date: 2023
Sponsoring Agency: Administration for Children and Families (DHHS), Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation (OPRE)
Contract Number: HHS2019ACFOPREYE1591
Document Type: Reports - Research
Education Level: Early Childhood Education
Descriptors: Suspension, Expulsion, Discipline, Early Childhood Education, State Policy, Professional Development, Teacher Attitudes, Administrator Attitudes, Behavior Problems, Child Behavior, State Aid
Geographic Terms: Arkansas
Abstract: Expulsion and suspension (or exclusionary discipline) in early care and education (ECE) are widely recognized as harmful to children. Numerous states have developed expulsion and suspension prevention policies through legislation or administrative rules. However, there is limited research on the implementation of state policies designed to reduce exclusionary discipline and on ECE providers' use of program supports that could help reduce exclusionary discipline practices. In this report, we use survey data to investigate Arkansas ECE program leaders' and teachers' understanding of the state's expulsion prevention policy, their use of suspension and expulsion and their participation in professional development (PD) and other supports to meet the needs of children with challenging behavior. We also explore how teachers' attributions of the reasons for challenging behavior predict their use of the available PD and supports. Key findings include: (1) Publicly funded programs in Arkansas (which are subject to state policy) engaged in exclusionary discipline at lower rates than non-publicly funded programs, despite reporting a higher percentage of children with challenging behavior; (2) Many Arkansas ECE program leaders were aware of the state's expulsion prevention policy, but fewer demonstrated a strong understanding of the requirements; (3) More than three quarters of Arkansas ECE teachers reported receiving some form of PD or training on topics such as encouraging positive teacher-child interactions, promoting children's positive behavior and helping children develop skills like managing their emotions; and (4) The use of exclusionary discipline practices was related to teachers' views of families as a reason for children's challenging behavior. At the end of the report, we offer recommendations based on these findings.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2024
Accession Number: ED652234
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
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  – Url: https://eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery/servlet/ERICServlet?accno=ED652234
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  Data: Reducing Exclusionary Discipline in Early Care and Education Programs: An Examination of the Arkansas Model
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Todd+Grindal%22">Todd Grindal</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kirby+Chow%22">Kirby Chow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Christen+Park%22">Christen Park</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sheila+Smith%22">Sheila Smith</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nicola+Conners+Edge%22">Nicola Conners Edge</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22SRI+Education%22">SRI Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arkansas+Department+of+Human+Services+%28DHS%29%2C+Division+of+Child+Care+and+Early+Childhood+Education+%28DCCEDE%29%22">Arkansas Department of Human Services (DHS), Division of Child Care and Early Childhood Education (DCCEDE)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22National+Center+for+Children+in+Poverty+%28NCCP%29%22">National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP)</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22SRI+Education%2C+a+Division+of+SRI+International%22"><i>SRI Education, a Division of SRI International</i></searchLink>. 2023.
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  Data: SRI International. 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025. Tel: 650-859-2000; e-mail: customer.service@sri.com; Web site: https://www.sri.com/
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Suspension%22">Suspension</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Expulsion%22">Expulsion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Discipline%22">Discipline</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Early+Childhood+Education%22">Early Childhood Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22State+Policy%22">State Policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Professional+Development%22">Professional Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Attitudes%22">Teacher Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Administrator+Attitudes%22">Administrator Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+Problems%22">Behavior Problems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Behavior%22">Child Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22State+Aid%22">State Aid</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Arkansas%22">Arkansas</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Expulsion and suspension (or exclusionary discipline) in early care and education (ECE) are widely recognized as harmful to children. Numerous states have developed expulsion and suspension prevention policies through legislation or administrative rules. However, there is limited research on the implementation of state policies designed to reduce exclusionary discipline and on ECE providers' use of program supports that could help reduce exclusionary discipline practices. In this report, we use survey data to investigate Arkansas ECE program leaders' and teachers' understanding of the state's expulsion prevention policy, their use of suspension and expulsion and their participation in professional development (PD) and other supports to meet the needs of children with challenging behavior. We also explore how teachers' attributions of the reasons for challenging behavior predict their use of the available PD and supports. Key findings include: (1) Publicly funded programs in Arkansas (which are subject to state policy) engaged in exclusionary discipline at lower rates than non-publicly funded programs, despite reporting a higher percentage of children with challenging behavior; (2) Many Arkansas ECE program leaders were aware of the state's expulsion prevention policy, but fewer demonstrated a strong understanding of the requirements; (3) More than three quarters of Arkansas ECE teachers reported receiving some form of PD or training on topics such as encouraging positive teacher-child interactions, promoting children's positive behavior and helping children develop skills like managing their emotions; and (4) The use of exclusionary discipline practices was related to teachers' views of families as a reason for children's challenging behavior. At the end of the report, we offer recommendations based on these findings.
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  Data: 2024
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  Data: ED652234
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    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Suspension
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Expulsion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Discipline
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Early Childhood Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: State Policy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Professional Development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teacher Attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Administrator Attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Behavior Problems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Child Behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: State Aid
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Arkansas
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Reducing Exclusionary Discipline in Early Care and Education Programs: An Examination of the Arkansas Model
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            NameFull: Arkansas Department of Human Services (DHS), Division of Child Care and Early Childhood Education (DCCEDE)
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            NameFull: Kirby Chow
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              Y: 2023
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