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Heat and Learning. EdWorkingPaper No. 19-30

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Title: Heat and Learning. EdWorkingPaper No. 19-30
Language: English
Authors: Joshua Goodman, Michael Hurwitz, R. Jisung Park, Jonathan Smith, Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University
Source: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. 2019.
Availability: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. Brown University Box 1985, Providence, RI 02912. Tel: 401-863-7990; Fax: 401-863-1290; e-mail: annenberg@brown.edu; Web site: https://annenberg.brown.edu/
Peer Reviewed: N
Page Count: 60
Publication Date: 2019
Document Type: Reports - Research
Education Level: High Schools
Secondary Education
Descriptors: High School Students, Heat, Climate Control, Academic Achievement, Scores, Correlation, Learning Processes, Achievement Gap, Racial Factors, Equal Education, Educational Facilities Improvement
Abstract: We demonstrate that heat inhibits learning and that school air-conditioning may mitigate this effect. Student fixed effects models using 10 million PSAT-retakers show hotter school days in years before the test reduce scores, with extreme heat being particularly damaging. Weekend and summer temperature has little impact, suggesting heat directly disrupts learning time. New nationwide, school-level measures of air-conditioning penetration suggest patterns consistent with such infrastructure largely offsetting heat's effects. Without air-conditioning, a 1°F hotter school year reduces that year's learning by one percent. Hot school days disproportionately impact minority students, accounting for roughly five percent of the racial achievement gap.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: ED670816
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
CustomLinks:
  – Url: https://eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery/servlet/ERICServlet?accno=ED670816
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Joshua+Goodman%22">Joshua Goodman</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Michael+Hurwitz%22">Michael Hurwitz</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22R%2E+Jisung+Park%22">R. Jisung Park</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jonathan+Smith%22">Jonathan Smith</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Annenberg+Institute+for+School+Reform+at+Brown+University%22">Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University</searchLink>
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  Data: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. Brown University Box 1985, Providence, RI 02912. Tel: 401-863-7990; Fax: 401-863-1290; e-mail: annenberg@brown.edu; Web site: https://annenberg.brown.edu/
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+School+Students%22">High School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat%22">Heat</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Climate+Control%22">Climate Control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Academic+Achievement%22">Academic Achievement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scores%22">Scores</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Correlation%22">Correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+Processes%22">Learning Processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Achievement+Gap%22">Achievement Gap</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Racial+Factors%22">Racial Factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Equal+Education%22">Equal Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Facilities+Improvement%22">Educational Facilities Improvement</searchLink>
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  Data: We demonstrate that heat inhibits learning and that school air-conditioning may mitigate this effect. Student fixed effects models using 10 million PSAT-retakers show hotter school days in years before the test reduce scores, with extreme heat being particularly damaging. Weekend and summer temperature has little impact, suggesting heat directly disrupts learning time. New nationwide, school-level measures of air-conditioning penetration suggest patterns consistent with such infrastructure largely offsetting heat's effects. Without air-conditioning, a 1°F hotter school year reduces that year's learning by one percent. Hot school days disproportionately impact minority students, accounting for roughly five percent of the racial achievement gap.
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      – SubjectFull: Climate Control
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      – SubjectFull: Academic Achievement
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      – SubjectFull: Equal Education
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      – SubjectFull: Educational Facilities Improvement
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      – TitleFull: Heat and Learning. EdWorkingPaper No. 19-30
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