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A Longitudinal Study of External Contract Teacher Employment in Washington State School Districts. EdWorkingPaper No. 26-1377

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Title: A Longitudinal Study of External Contract Teacher Employment in Washington State School Districts. EdWorkingPaper No. 26-1377
Language: English
Authors: Angela Cox, Ellen Goldring, Chris A. Candelaria, David Knight, Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University
Source: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. 2026.
Availability: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. Brown University Box 1985, Providence, RI 02912. Tel: 401-863-7990; Fax: 401-863-1290; e-mail: annenberg@brown.edu; Web site: https://annenberg.brown.edu/
Peer Reviewed: N
Page Count: 34
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Reports - Research
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Teacher Employment, School Districts, Contracts, Employment Patterns, Public Schools, Teacher Distribution, Teacher Characteristics, Teaching Experience, Teacher Salaries, State Legislation, State Policy, Board of Education Policy
Geographic Terms: Washington
Abstract: This study examines the phenomenon of external teacher contracting in Washington State schools. Using administrative data, we analyze shifting patterns of employment among external contract teachers. External contract teachers now represent a significant portion of the workforce in a few districts, but a very small portion statewide. These districts have formed robust online programs that may account for changing contracting practices. External contract teachers are more often female, less experienced, and less likely to hold master's degrees than their peers. Results highlight the emerging call for flexibility in teacher labor markets and have implications for workforce diversity and stability.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: ED678281
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. Brown University Box 1985, Providence, RI 02912. Tel: 401-863-7990; Fax: 401-863-1290; e-mail: annenberg@brown.edu; Web site: https://annenberg.brown.edu/
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+Studies%22">Longitudinal Studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Employment%22">Teacher Employment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+Districts%22">School Districts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Contracts%22">Contracts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Employment+Patterns%22">Employment Patterns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+Schools%22">Public Schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Distribution%22">Teacher Distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Characteristics%22">Teacher Characteristics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teaching+Experience%22">Teaching Experience</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Salaries%22">Teacher Salaries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22State+Legislation%22">State Legislation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22State+Policy%22">State Policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Board+of+Education+Policy%22">Board of Education Policy</searchLink>
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  Data: This study examines the phenomenon of external teacher contracting in Washington State schools. Using administrative data, we analyze shifting patterns of employment among external contract teachers. External contract teachers now represent a significant portion of the workforce in a few districts, but a very small portion statewide. These districts have formed robust online programs that may account for changing contracting practices. External contract teachers are more often female, less experienced, and less likely to hold master's degrees than their peers. Results highlight the emerging call for flexibility in teacher labor markets and have implications for workforce diversity and stability.
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 34
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      – SubjectFull: Teacher Employment
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      – SubjectFull: School Districts
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      – SubjectFull: Contracts
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Employment Patterns
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      – SubjectFull: Public Schools
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      – SubjectFull: Teacher Distribution
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      – SubjectFull: Teacher Characteristics
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      – SubjectFull: Teaching Experience
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      – SubjectFull: Teacher Salaries
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      – SubjectFull: State Legislation
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      – SubjectFull: State Policy
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      – SubjectFull: Washington
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