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Dynamic Simulation of Crime Perpetration and Reporting to Examine Community Intervention Strategies

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Title: Dynamic Simulation of Crime Perpetration and Reporting to Examine Community Intervention Strategies
Language: English
Authors: Yonas, Michael A., Burke, Jessica G., Brown, Shawn T.
Source: Health Education & Behavior. suppl p87S-97S Oct 2013 40(1).
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2013
Document Type: Reports - Research
Journal Articles
Descriptors: Simulation, Crime, Disclosure, Intervention, Cost Effectiveness, Behavior Patterns, Punishment, Incidence, Comparative Analysis, Community Characteristics, Models, Delinquency Prevention
DOI: 10.1177/1090198113493090
ISSN: 1090-1981
Abstract: Objective: To develop a conceptual computational agent-based model (ABM) to explore community-wide versus spatially focused crime reporting interventions to reduce community crime perpetrated by youth. Method: Agents within the model represent individual residents and interact on a two-dimensional grid representing an abstract nonempirically grounded community setting. Juvenile agents are assigned initial random probabilities of perpetrating a crime and adults are assigned random probabilities of witnessing and reporting crimes. The agents' behavioral probabilities modify depending on the individual's experience with criminal behavior and punishment, and exposure to community crime interventions. Cost-effectiveness analyses assessed the impact of activating different percentages of adults to increase reporting and reduce community crime activity. Community-wide interventions were compared with spatially focused interventions, in which activated adults were focused in areas of highest crime prevalence. Results: The ABM suggests that both community-wide and spatially focused interventions can be effective in reducing overall offenses, but their relative effectiveness may depend on the intensity and cost of the interventions. Although spatially focused intervention yielded localized reductions in crimes, such interventions were shown to move crime to nearby communities. Community-wide interventions can achieve larger reductions in overall community crime offenses than spatially focused interventions, as long as sufficient resources are available. Conclusion: The ABM demonstrates that community-wide and spatially focused crime strategies produce unique intervention dynamics influencing juvenile crime behaviors through the decisions and actions of community adults. It shows how such models might be used to investigate community-supported crime intervention programs by integrating community input and expertise and provides a simulated setting for assessing dimensions of cost comparison and intervention effect sustainability. ABM illustrates how intervention models might be used to investigate community-supported crime intervention programs.
Abstractor: As Provided
Number of References: 31
Entry Date: 2014
Accession Number: EJ1019654
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Dynamic Simulation of Crime Perpetration and Reporting to Examine Community Intervention Strategies
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yonas%2C+Michael+A%2E%22">Yonas, Michael A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burke%2C+Jessica+G%2E%22">Burke, Jessica G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brown%2C+Shawn+T%2E%22">Brown, Shawn T.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Health+Education+%26+Behavior%22"><i>Health Education & Behavior</i></searchLink>. suppl p87S-97S Oct 2013 40(1).
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 11
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  Data: Reports - Research<br />Journal Articles
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Simulation%22">Simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crime%22">Crime</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disclosure%22">Disclosure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cost+Effectiveness%22">Cost Effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+Patterns%22">Behavior Patterns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Punishment%22">Punishment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Incidence%22">Incidence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+Analysis%22">Comparative Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Community+Characteristics%22">Community Characteristics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Models%22">Models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Delinquency+Prevention%22">Delinquency Prevention</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/1090198113493090
– Name: ISSN
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  Data: 1090-1981
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objective: To develop a conceptual computational agent-based model (ABM) to explore community-wide versus spatially focused crime reporting interventions to reduce community crime perpetrated by youth. Method: Agents within the model represent individual residents and interact on a two-dimensional grid representing an abstract nonempirically grounded community setting. Juvenile agents are assigned initial random probabilities of perpetrating a crime and adults are assigned random probabilities of witnessing and reporting crimes. The agents' behavioral probabilities modify depending on the individual's experience with criminal behavior and punishment, and exposure to community crime interventions. Cost-effectiveness analyses assessed the impact of activating different percentages of adults to increase reporting and reduce community crime activity. Community-wide interventions were compared with spatially focused interventions, in which activated adults were focused in areas of highest crime prevalence. Results: The ABM suggests that both community-wide and spatially focused interventions can be effective in reducing overall offenses, but their relative effectiveness may depend on the intensity and cost of the interventions. Although spatially focused intervention yielded localized reductions in crimes, such interventions were shown to move crime to nearby communities. Community-wide interventions can achieve larger reductions in overall community crime offenses than spatially focused interventions, as long as sufficient resources are available. Conclusion: The ABM demonstrates that community-wide and spatially focused crime strategies produce unique intervention dynamics influencing juvenile crime behaviors through the decisions and actions of community adults. It shows how such models might be used to investigate community-supported crime intervention programs by integrating community input and expertise and provides a simulated setting for assessing dimensions of cost comparison and intervention effect sustainability. ABM illustrates how intervention models might be used to investigate community-supported crime intervention programs.
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  Label: Abstractor
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  Data: As Provided
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  Data: 2014
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  Data: EJ1019654
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ1019654
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        Value: 10.1177/1090198113493090
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 11
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Simulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Crime
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Disclosure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intervention
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      – SubjectFull: Cost Effectiveness
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      – SubjectFull: Behavior Patterns
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      – SubjectFull: Punishment
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      – SubjectFull: Incidence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative Analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Community Characteristics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Delinquency Prevention
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Dynamic Simulation of Crime Perpetration and Reporting to Examine Community Intervention Strategies
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