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Attitudes, Perceived Benefits and Barriers, and Prevalence of Scheduling Recess before Lunch: A Survey of Indiana Elementary School Principals

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Title: Attitudes, Perceived Benefits and Barriers, and Prevalence of Scheduling Recess before Lunch: A Survey of Indiana Elementary School Principals
Language: English
Authors: Green, Hannah, Mbogori, Teresia, Stroud, James, Friesen, Carol
Source: Journal of Child Nutrition & Management. Spr 2019 43(1).
Availability: School Nutrition Association. 120 Waterfront Street Suite 300, National Harbor, MD 20745. Tel: 301-686-3100; Fax: 301-686-3115; e-mail: servicecenter@schoolnutrition.org; Web site: http://schoolnutrition.org
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 15
Publication Date: 2019
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Descriptors: Administrator Attitudes, Principals, Elementary Schools, Barriers, Incidence, School Schedules, Recess Breaks, Wastes, Food, Nutrition, Discipline, Student Behavior, Eating Habits, Decision Making, Time Blocks, Behavior Problems
Geographic Terms: Indiana
ISSN: 1559-5676
Abstract: Purpose/Objective: Historically, school administrators schedule recess immediately after lunch. Recent research, however, suggests a plethora of benefits if recess is scheduled before lunch, including decreased plate waste, increased consumption of nutrients, and decreased discipline problems on the playground and in the lunchroom. The purpose of this study was to survey Indiana elementary principals to identify practices, perceived benefits and barriers, and attitudes toward scheduling recess before lunch (RBL) in Indiana. Methods: Email addresses of Indiana principals were obtained from the Executive Director of the Indiana Association of State Principals. An anonymous, online survey was distributed via email to elementary principals (fifth grade or lower). The instrument was adapted from previous surveys that examined the impact of recess before lunch. Results were evaluated using frequencies and chi-square analyses. Open ended questions were analyzed for trends. Results: A total of 527 useable surveys were completed from the 1,392 emails that were successfully delivered (37.9% response rate). Results indicate almost one-third (30.7%) of elementary schools scheduled RBL. The most common benefits of RBL included increased consumption of lunch, improved behavior in the cafeteria, and an increased focus on consuming lunch. Barriers that prevented schools from adopting a RBL policy included revising the daily schedule, the need to preserve academic hours, and lack of staffing. There were no differences when recess was scheduled based on location (urban, rural, suburban), type (private or public), enrollment (high vs. low/average) or percent free and reduced lunch (p > 0.05). Schools that offered only one lunch period were significantly more likely to schedule RBL (AR=2.4). Applications to Child Nutrition Professionals: Results of this study delineate the prevalence of scheduling RBL, and identify benefits and barriers to this practice in one state. School Nutrition Professionals can use this information to encourage school administration to consider adopting a RBL policy.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2019
Access URL: https://schoolnutrition.org/uploadedFiles/5_News_and_Publications/4_The_Journal_of_Child_Nutrition_and_Management/Spring_2019/Attitudes-Perceived-Benefits-and-Barriers-and-Prevalence-Spring2019.pdf
Accession Number: EJ1214816
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Attitudes, Perceived Benefits and Barriers, and Prevalence of Scheduling Recess before Lunch: A Survey of Indiana Elementary School Principals
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Child+Nutrition+%26+Management%22"><i>Journal of Child Nutrition & Management</i></searchLink>. Spr 2019 43(1).
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  Data: School Nutrition Association. 120 Waterfront Street Suite 300, National Harbor, MD 20745. Tel: 301-686-3100; Fax: 301-686-3115; e-mail: servicecenter@schoolnutrition.org; Web site: http://schoolnutrition.org
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Indiana%22">Indiana</searchLink>
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  Group: ISSN
  Data: 1559-5676
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose/Objective: Historically, school administrators schedule recess immediately after lunch. Recent research, however, suggests a plethora of benefits if recess is scheduled before lunch, including decreased plate waste, increased consumption of nutrients, and decreased discipline problems on the playground and in the lunchroom. The purpose of this study was to survey Indiana elementary principals to identify practices, perceived benefits and barriers, and attitudes toward scheduling recess before lunch (RBL) in Indiana. Methods: Email addresses of Indiana principals were obtained from the Executive Director of the Indiana Association of State Principals. An anonymous, online survey was distributed via email to elementary principals (fifth grade or lower). The instrument was adapted from previous surveys that examined the impact of recess before lunch. Results were evaluated using frequencies and chi-square analyses. Open ended questions were analyzed for trends. Results: A total of 527 useable surveys were completed from the 1,392 emails that were successfully delivered (37.9% response rate). Results indicate almost one-third (30.7%) of elementary schools scheduled RBL. The most common benefits of RBL included increased consumption of lunch, improved behavior in the cafeteria, and an increased focus on consuming lunch. Barriers that prevented schools from adopting a RBL policy included revising the daily schedule, the need to preserve academic hours, and lack of staffing. There were no differences when recess was scheduled based on location (urban, rural, suburban), type (private or public), enrollment (high vs. low/average) or percent free and reduced lunch (p > 0.05). Schools that offered only one lunch period were significantly more likely to schedule RBL (AR=2.4). Applications to Child Nutrition Professionals: Results of this study delineate the prevalence of scheduling RBL, and identify benefits and barriers to this practice in one state. School Nutrition Professionals can use this information to encourage school administration to consider adopting a RBL policy.
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  Data: 2019
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Administrator Attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Principals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elementary Schools
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Barriers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Incidence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: School Schedules
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Recess Breaks
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wastes
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      – SubjectFull: Food
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      – SubjectFull: Nutrition
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      – SubjectFull: Discipline
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Student Behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Eating Habits
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Decision Making
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Time Blocks
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Behavior Problems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Indiana
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Attitudes, Perceived Benefits and Barriers, and Prevalence of Scheduling Recess before Lunch: A Survey of Indiana Elementary School Principals
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