View in EDS

After 'The China Virus' Went Viral: Racially Charged Coronavirus Coverage and Trends in Bias against Asian Americans

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: After 'The China Virus' Went Viral: Racially Charged Coronavirus Coverage and Trends in Bias against Asian Americans
Language: English
Authors: Darling-Hammond, Sean (ORCID 0000-0002-6353-4670), Michaels, Eli K. (ORCID 0000-0001-9209-2560), Allen, Amani M., Chae, David H., Thomas, Marilyn D., Nguyen, Thu T., Mujahid, Mahasin M., Johnson, Rucker C.
Source: Health Education & Behavior. Dec 2020 47(6):870-879.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 10
Publication Date: 2020
Sponsoring Agency: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (DHHS/NIH)
National Institute of Mental Health (DHHS/NIH)
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH//DHHS)
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) (DHHS/NIH)
Contract Number: 1F31HL15128401A1
R01MH112420
UL1GM118985
R00MD012615
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Asian Americans, Racial Bias, Social Media, Language Usage, COVID-19, Pandemics, Political Attitudes, News Reporting, Anglo Americans, Trend Analysis, Racial Discrimination, Health, Well Being, Mass Media Effects, Tests, Age Differences, Educational Attainment, Stranger Reactions
DOI: 10.1177/1090198120957949
ISSN: 1090-1981
Abstract: On March 8, 2020, there was a 650% increase in Twitter retweets using the term "Chinese virus" and related terms. On March 9, there was an 800% increase in the use of these terms in conservative news media articles. Using data from non-Asian respondents of the Project Implicit "Asian Implicit Association Test" from 2007-2020 (n = 339,063), we sought to ascertain if this change in media tone increased bias against Asian Americans. Local polynomial regression and interrupted time-series analyses revealed that Implicit Americanness Bias--or the subconscious belief that European American individuals are more "American" than Asian American individuals--declined steadily from 2007 through early 2020 but reversed trend and began to increase on March 8, following the increase in stigmatizing language in conservative media outlets. The trend reversal in bias was more pronounced among conservative individuals. This research provides evidence that the use of stigmatizing language increased subconscious beliefs that Asian Americans are "perpetual foreigners." Given research that perpetual foreigner bias can beget discriminatory behavior and that experiencing discrimination is associated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes, this research sounds an alarm about the effects of stigmatizing media on the health and welfare of Asian Americans.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2020
Accession Number: EJ1274067
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: eric
DbLabel: ERIC
An: EJ1274067
AccessLevel: 3
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: After 'The China Virus' Went Viral: Racially Charged Coronavirus Coverage and Trends in Bias against Asian Americans
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Darling-Hammond%2C+Sean%22">Darling-Hammond, Sean</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6353-4670">0000-0002-6353-4670</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Michaels%2C+Eli+K%2E%22">Michaels, Eli K.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9209-2560">0000-0001-9209-2560</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Allen%2C+Amani+M%2E%22">Allen, Amani M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chae%2C+David+H%2E%22">Chae, David H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thomas%2C+Marilyn+D%2E%22">Thomas, Marilyn D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nguyen%2C+Thu+T%2E%22">Nguyen, Thu T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mujahid%2C+Mahasin+M%2E%22">Mujahid, Mahasin M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Johnson%2C+Rucker+C%2E%22">Johnson, Rucker C.</searchLink>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Health+Education+%26+Behavior%22"><i>Health Education & Behavior</i></searchLink>. Dec 2020 47(6):870-879.
– Name: Avail
  Label: Availability
  Group: Avail
  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com
– Name: PeerReviewed
  Label: Peer Reviewed
  Group: SrcInfo
  Data: Y
– Name: Pages
  Label: Page Count
  Group: Src
  Data: 10
– Name: DatePubCY
  Label: Publication Date
  Group: Date
  Data: 2020
– Name: SourceSuprt
  Label: Sponsoring Agency
  Group: SrcSuprt
  Data: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (DHHS/NIH)<br />National Institute of Mental Health (DHHS/NIH)<br />National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH//DHHS)<br />National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) (DHHS/NIH)
– Name: NumberContract
  Label: Contract Number
  Group: NumCntrct
  Data: 1F31HL15128401A1<br />R01MH112420<br />UL1GM118985<br />R00MD012615
– Name: TypeDocument
  Label: Document Type
  Group: TypDoc
  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
– Name: Subject
  Label: Descriptors
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Asian+Americans%22">Asian Americans</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Racial+Bias%22">Racial Bias</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Media%22">Social Media</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Usage%22">Language Usage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19%22">COVID-19</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pandemics%22">Pandemics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Political+Attitudes%22">Political Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22News+Reporting%22">News Reporting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anglo+Americans%22">Anglo Americans</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Trend+Analysis%22">Trend Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Racial+Discrimination%22">Racial Discrimination</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health%22">Health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Well+Being%22">Well Being</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mass+Media+Effects%22">Mass Media Effects</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tests%22">Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+Differences%22">Age Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Attainment%22">Educational Attainment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stranger+Reactions%22">Stranger Reactions</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1177/1090198120957949
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 1090-1981
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: On March 8, 2020, there was a 650% increase in Twitter retweets using the term "Chinese virus" and related terms. On March 9, there was an 800% increase in the use of these terms in conservative news media articles. Using data from non-Asian respondents of the Project Implicit "Asian Implicit Association Test" from 2007-2020 (n = 339,063), we sought to ascertain if this change in media tone increased bias against Asian Americans. Local polynomial regression and interrupted time-series analyses revealed that Implicit Americanness Bias--or the subconscious belief that European American individuals are more "American" than Asian American individuals--declined steadily from 2007 through early 2020 but reversed trend and began to increase on March 8, following the increase in stigmatizing language in conservative media outlets. The trend reversal in bias was more pronounced among conservative individuals. This research provides evidence that the use of stigmatizing language increased subconscious beliefs that Asian Americans are "perpetual foreigners." Given research that perpetual foreigner bias can beget discriminatory behavior and that experiencing discrimination is associated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes, this research sounds an alarm about the effects of stigmatizing media on the health and welfare of Asian Americans.
– Name: AbstractInfo
  Label: Abstractor
  Group: Ab
  Data: As Provided
– Name: DateEntry
  Label: Entry Date
  Group: Date
  Data: 2020
– Name: AN
  Label: Accession Number
  Group: ID
  Data: EJ1274067
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ1274067
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/1090198120957949
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 870
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Asian Americans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Racial Bias
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social Media
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language Usage
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: COVID-19
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pandemics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Political Attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: News Reporting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anglo Americans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Trend Analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Racial Discrimination
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Well Being
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mass Media Effects
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age Differences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational Attainment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stranger Reactions
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: After 'The China Virus' Went Viral: Racially Charged Coronavirus Coverage and Trends in Bias against Asian Americans
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Darling-Hammond, Sean
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Michaels, Eli K.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Allen, Amani M.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chae, David H.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Thomas, Marilyn D.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Nguyen, Thu T.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Mujahid, Mahasin M.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Johnson, Rucker C.
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Type: published
              Y: 2020
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 1090-1981
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 47
            – Type: issue
              Value: 6
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Health Education & Behavior
              Type: main
ResultId 1