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Lexical Complexity, Writing Proficiency, and Task Effects in Spanish Dual Language Immersion

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Title: Lexical Complexity, Writing Proficiency, and Task Effects in Spanish Dual Language Immersion
Language: English
Authors: Schnur, Erin, Rubio, Fernando
Source: Language Learning & Technology. Feb 2021 25(1):53-72.
Availability: National Foreign Language Resource Center at University of Hawaii. 1859 East-West Road #106, Honolulu, HI 96822. e-mail: llt@hawaii.edu; Web site: https://www.lltjournal.org/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 20
Publication Date: 2021
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Early Childhood Education
Elementary Education
Kindergarten
Primary Education
Elementary Secondary Education
Descriptors: Spanish, Immersion Programs, Computational Linguistics, Bilingual Education Programs, Writing Tests, Kindergarten, Elementary Secondary Education, Task Analysis, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Standardized Tests, Language Usage, Vocabulary Skills, Language Variation, Scores, Language Proficiency, Literary Genres, Databases, Guidelines, Rating Scales
Geographic Terms: Utah
ISSN: 1094-3501
Abstract: Using the 2.4-million-word written Spanish subsection of the Corpus of Utah Dual Language Immersion, collected from a large-scale standardized writing assessment of K-12 Spanish second language (L2) students, this study focuses on lexical complexity as operationalized by three measures: lexical diversity, lexical density, and lexical sophistication. The study goes beyond most previous work on lexical complexity by investigating the effect of task type on all three measures of lexical complexity. Patterns in variation are identified across proficiency levels and between task types. Results show that all three measures increase at each proficiency score between Novice High and Advanced, except at Intermediate Mid where scores dip or flatten. Diversity and sophistication are both shown to increase rapidly after this mid-point, indicating that a broad and deep lexical repertoire is a key feature of more advanced proficiency levels. Results for the effect of task indicate that text genre impacts learners' lexical density, while tasks that are more complex elicit higher lexical sophistication.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2021
Access URL: https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10125/73425/1/25_01_10125-73425.pdf
Accession Number: EJ1295140
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Lexical Complexity, Writing Proficiency, and Task Effects in Spanish Dual Language Immersion
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Language+Learning+%26+Technology%22"><i>Language Learning & Technology</i></searchLink>. Feb 2021 25(1):53-72.
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  Data: National Foreign Language Resource Center at University of Hawaii. 1859 East-West Road #106, Honolulu, HI 96822. e-mail: llt@hawaii.edu; Web site: https://www.lltjournal.org/
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 20
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  Data: 2021
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Early+Childhood+Education%22">Early Childhood Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Kindergarten%22">Kindergarten</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Primary+Education%22">Primary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Secondary+Education%22">Elementary Secondary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spanish%22">Spanish</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Immersion+Programs%22">Immersion Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computational+Linguistics%22">Computational Linguistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bilingual+Education+Programs%22">Bilingual Education Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Writing+Tests%22">Writing Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kindergarten%22">Kindergarten</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+Secondary+Education%22">Elementary Secondary Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Task+Analysis%22">Task Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Second+Language+Learning%22">Second Language Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Second+Language+Instruction%22">Second Language Instruction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Standardized+Tests%22">Standardized Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Usage%22">Language Usage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vocabulary+Skills%22">Vocabulary Skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Variation%22">Language Variation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scores%22">Scores</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Proficiency%22">Language Proficiency</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Literary+Genres%22">Literary Genres</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Databases%22">Databases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Guidelines%22">Guidelines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rating+Scales%22">Rating Scales</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Utah%22">Utah</searchLink>
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  Data: 1094-3501
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Using the 2.4-million-word written Spanish subsection of the Corpus of Utah Dual Language Immersion, collected from a large-scale standardized writing assessment of K-12 Spanish second language (L2) students, this study focuses on lexical complexity as operationalized by three measures: lexical diversity, lexical density, and lexical sophistication. The study goes beyond most previous work on lexical complexity by investigating the effect of task type on all three measures of lexical complexity. Patterns in variation are identified across proficiency levels and between task types. Results show that all three measures increase at each proficiency score between Novice High and Advanced, except at Intermediate Mid where scores dip or flatten. Diversity and sophistication are both shown to increase rapidly after this mid-point, indicating that a broad and deep lexical repertoire is a key feature of more advanced proficiency levels. Results for the effect of task indicate that text genre impacts learners' lexical density, while tasks that are more complex elicit higher lexical sophistication.
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  Data: As Provided
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  Label: Entry Date
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  Data: 2021
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      – Text: English
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        StartPage: 53
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Spanish
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Immersion Programs
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      – SubjectFull: Computational Linguistics
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      – SubjectFull: Bilingual Education Programs
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      – SubjectFull: Kindergarten
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      – SubjectFull: Utah
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      – TitleFull: Lexical Complexity, Writing Proficiency, and Task Effects in Spanish Dual Language Immersion
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