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School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children

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Title: School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children
Authors: Martín, Miriam, Gonzálvez, Carolina (ORCID 0000-0002-7810-9044), Vicent, María (ORCID 0000-0002-6254-4770), Sanmartín, Ricardo (ORCID 0000-0003-1195-358X), Fernández-Sogorb, Aitana (ORCID 0000-0003-2709-1099), García-Fernández, José M. (ORCID 0000-0002-4760-064X)
Source: Education Sciences. 2021 11.
Availability: MDPI AG. Klybeckstrasse 64, 4057 Basel, Switzerland. e-mail: education@mdpi.com; e-mail: indexing@mdpi.com; Web site: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/education
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2021
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Children, Elementary School Students, At Risk Students, Student Behavior, Attendance, Correlation, Positive Attitudes, Negative Attitudes, Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement, Foreign Countries, Truancy
Geographic Terms: Spain
ISSN: 2227-7102
Abstract: The relationship between school refusal behavior (SRB) profiles and personality traits has received little attention from investigators. Identifying the profiles of students with school attendance problems may improve the understanding of the characteristics defining these students. The aim of this study was to identify different SRB profiles and analyze the relationship between these profiles, and optimism/pessimism and personality traits. The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised, the Youth Life Orientation Test, and the Big Five Questionnaire were administrated to 739 Spanish students aged 8-11 (M[subscript age] = 9.92; SD = 1.12). Pearson's correlation coefficients revealed a significant association between personality dimensions and SRB. Three distinct profiles were identified: (1) SRB by negative reinforcement (high scores on avoiding school-related stimuli provoking negative affectivity), (2) SRB by positive reinforcement (high scores on pursuing positive tangible reinforcement outside of school), and (3) Low SRB. The SRB profile by positive reinforcement scored higher on Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness, and Optimism, whereas the SRB profile by negative reinforcement scored higher on Neuroticism and Pessimism. More statically significant differences were found between the negative and positive reinforcement profiles. The role of negative personality traits and pessimism as risk factors for students who are truant or refuse to attend school are discussed.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2021
Accession Number: EJ1314436
Database: ERIC
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  Availability: 0
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  – Url: https://eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery/servlet/ERICServlet?accno=EJ1314436
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  Data: School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martín%2C+Miriam%22">Martín, Miriam</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gonzálvez%2C+Carolina%22">Gonzálvez, Carolina</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7810-9044">0000-0002-7810-9044</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vicent%2C+María%22">Vicent, María</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6254-4770">0000-0002-6254-4770</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sanmartín%2C+Ricardo%22">Sanmartín, Ricardo</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1195-358X">0000-0003-1195-358X</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fernández-Sogorb%2C+Aitana%22">Fernández-Sogorb, Aitana</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2709-1099">0000-0003-2709-1099</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22García-Fernández%2C+José+M%2E%22">García-Fernández, José M.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-064X">0000-0002-4760-064X</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Education+Sciences%22"><i>Education Sciences</i></searchLink>. 2021 11.
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  Data: MDPI AG. Klybeckstrasse 64, 4057 Basel, Switzerland. e-mail: education@mdpi.com; e-mail: indexing@mdpi.com; Web site: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/education
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 11
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  Label: Publication Date
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  Data: 2021
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Label: Education Level
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Elementary+Education%22">Elementary Education</searchLink>
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  Label: Descriptors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personality+Traits%22">Personality Traits</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elementary+School+Students%22">Elementary School Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22At+Risk+Students%22">At Risk Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Behavior%22">Student Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attendance%22">Attendance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Correlation%22">Correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Positive+Attitudes%22">Positive Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Negative+Attitudes%22">Negative Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Positive+Reinforcement%22">Positive Reinforcement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Negative+Reinforcement%22">Negative Reinforcement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Truancy%22">Truancy</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spain%22">Spain</searchLink>
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  Data: 2227-7102
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The relationship between school refusal behavior (SRB) profiles and personality traits has received little attention from investigators. Identifying the profiles of students with school attendance problems may improve the understanding of the characteristics defining these students. The aim of this study was to identify different SRB profiles and analyze the relationship between these profiles, and optimism/pessimism and personality traits. The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised, the Youth Life Orientation Test, and the Big Five Questionnaire were administrated to 739 Spanish students aged 8-11 (M[subscript age] = 9.92; SD = 1.12). Pearson's correlation coefficients revealed a significant association between personality dimensions and SRB. Three distinct profiles were identified: (1) SRB by negative reinforcement (high scores on avoiding school-related stimuli provoking negative affectivity), (2) SRB by positive reinforcement (high scores on pursuing positive tangible reinforcement outside of school), and (3) Low SRB. The SRB profile by positive reinforcement scored higher on Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness, and Optimism, whereas the SRB profile by negative reinforcement scored higher on Neuroticism and Pessimism. More statically significant differences were found between the negative and positive reinforcement profiles. The role of negative personality traits and pessimism as risk factors for students who are truant or refuse to attend school are discussed.
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  Label: Abstractor
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  Data: As Provided
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  Label: Entry Date
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  Data: 2021
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  Label: Accession Number
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  Data: EJ1314436
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    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Personality Traits
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elementary School Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: At Risk Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Student Behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attendance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Positive Attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Negative Attitudes
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      – SubjectFull: Positive Reinforcement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Negative Reinforcement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
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      – SubjectFull: Truancy
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      – SubjectFull: Spain
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children
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