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Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children Compared with HIV-Unexposed Uninfected Children during Early Childhood

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Title: Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children Compared with HIV-Unexposed Uninfected Children during Early Childhood
Language: English
Authors: Young, Julia M. (ORCID 0000-0003-4128-505X), Bitnun, Ari, Read, Stanley E. (ORCID 0000-0001-7035-0282), Smith, Mary Lou (ORCID 0000-0002-1937-1026)
Source: Developmental Psychology. Mar 2022 58(3):551-559.
Availability: American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 9
Publication Date: 2022
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Young Children, Foreign Countries, Child Development, Age Differences, Individual Development, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Development, Intelligence Tests, Psychomotor Skills, Adjustment (to Environment)
Geographic Terms: Canada
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence
DOI: 10.1037/dev0001319
ISSN: 0012-1649
Abstract: HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children during the preschool and early school ages may be at-risk for neurodevelopmental challenges due to in utero and perinatal exposure to HIV and/or antiretroviral (ARV) medications. HEU children and HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) children from the community were recruited and tested at 3 to 4 and 5 to 6 years of age. Demographic information, HIV/ARV exposure and measures of intelligence, visuomotor skills, and adaptive functioning were obtained. Nonparametric tests assessed group differences and multiple regression analyses adjusted for demographic variables. Additional multiple regression analyses were performed within the HEU group to investigate associations between neurodevelopmental measures and variables of HIV/ARV exposure. At 3 to 4 years, 211 HEU children and 31 HUU children were assessed, and 144 HEU children and 58 HUU children were assessed at 5 to 6 years of age. At 3 to 4 years of age, HEU children scored significantly lower on measures of Full-Scale IQ, Performance IQ, visual motor integration, and adaptive functioning. At 5 to 6 years of age, HEU children scored significantly lower on all neurodevelopmental measures. At both ages, children who were female and those with mothers who were employed achieved higher scores on measures intellectual ability and/or adaptive functioning. Within the HEU group, no consistent associations were found between neurodevelopmental measures and HIV/ARV specific variables. HEU children demonstrated significantly lower scores on neurodevelopmental measures than HUU children during early childhood. Gaps in verbal intellectual abilities were identified with age, highlighting the importance of monitoring neurodevelopment in this population over time.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2022
Accession Number: EJ1330737
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children Compared with HIV-Unexposed Uninfected Children during Early Childhood
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Young%2C+Julia+M%2E%22">Young, Julia M.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-505X">0000-0003-4128-505X</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bitnun%2C+Ari%22">Bitnun, Ari</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Read%2C+Stanley+E%2E%22">Read, Stanley E.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7035-0282">0000-0001-7035-0282</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smith%2C+Mary+Lou%22">Smith, Mary Lou</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-1026">0000-0002-1937-1026</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Developmental+Psychology%22"><i>Developmental Psychology</i></searchLink>. Mar 2022 58(3):551-559.
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  Data: American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org
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  Data: 9
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acquired+Immunodeficiency+Syndrome+%28AIDS%29%22">Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Young+Children%22">Young Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+Development%22">Child Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+Differences%22">Age Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Individual+Development%22">Individual Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Ability%22">Cognitive Ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+Development%22">Cognitive Development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intelligence+Tests%22">Intelligence Tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychomotor+Skills%22">Psychomotor Skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adjustment+%28to+Environment%29%22">Adjustment (to Environment)</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SU" term="%22Wechsler+Preschool+and+Primary+Scale+of+Intelligence%22">Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1037/dev0001319
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  Data: 0012-1649
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children during the preschool and early school ages may be at-risk for neurodevelopmental challenges due to in utero and perinatal exposure to HIV and/or antiretroviral (ARV) medications. HEU children and HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) children from the community were recruited and tested at 3 to 4 and 5 to 6 years of age. Demographic information, HIV/ARV exposure and measures of intelligence, visuomotor skills, and adaptive functioning were obtained. Nonparametric tests assessed group differences and multiple regression analyses adjusted for demographic variables. Additional multiple regression analyses were performed within the HEU group to investigate associations between neurodevelopmental measures and variables of HIV/ARV exposure. At 3 to 4 years, 211 HEU children and 31 HUU children were assessed, and 144 HEU children and 58 HUU children were assessed at 5 to 6 years of age. At 3 to 4 years of age, HEU children scored significantly lower on measures of Full-Scale IQ, Performance IQ, visual motor integration, and adaptive functioning. At 5 to 6 years of age, HEU children scored significantly lower on all neurodevelopmental measures. At both ages, children who were female and those with mothers who were employed achieved higher scores on measures intellectual ability and/or adaptive functioning. Within the HEU group, no consistent associations were found between neurodevelopmental measures and HIV/ARV specific variables. HEU children demonstrated significantly lower scores on neurodevelopmental measures than HUU children during early childhood. Gaps in verbal intellectual abilities were identified with age, highlighting the importance of monitoring neurodevelopment in this population over time.
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  Data: 2022
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        Value: 10.1037/dev0001319
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
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      – SubjectFull: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
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      – TitleFull: Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children Compared with HIV-Unexposed Uninfected Children during Early Childhood
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