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As Time Goes By: Space-Time Compatibility Effects in Word Recognition

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Title: As Time Goes By: Space-Time Compatibility Effects in Word Recognition
Language: English
Authors: Grasso, Camille L. (ORCID 0000-0002-7549-7395), Ziegler, Johannes C. (ORCID 0000-0002-2061-5729), Mirault, Jonathan, Coull, Jennifer T. (ORCID 0000-0002-8790-5835), Montant, Marie (ORCID 0000-0002-5340-0361)
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. Feb 2022 48(2):304-319.
Availability: American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 16
Publication Date: 2022
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Word Recognition, Visual Stimuli, Time, Spatial Ability, Verbs, Foreign Countries, Adults, Morphemes, Handedness, Vocabulary, Semantics, Validity, College Students
Geographic Terms: France
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: Edinburgh Handedness Inventory
DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001007
ISSN: 0278-7393
Abstract: The processing of time activates a spatial left-to-right mental timeline, where past events are "located" to the left and future events to the right. If past and future words activate this mental timeline, then the processing of such words should interfere with hand movements that go in the opposite direction. To test this hypothesis, we conducted 3 visual lexical decision tasks with conjugated (past/future) verbs and pseudoverbs. In Experiment 1, participants moved a pen to the right or left of a trackpad to indicate whether a visual stimulus was a real word or not. Grammatical time and hand movements for yes responses went in the same direction in the congruent condition (e.g., past tense/leftward movement) but in opposite directions in the incongruent condition. Analyses showed that space-time incongruency significantly increased reaction times. In Experiment 2, we investigated the role of movement in this effect. Participants performed the same task by responding with a trackpad or a mouse, both of which required lateral movement through space, or a static keypress. We again obtained the space-time congruency effect, but only when the decision required movement through space. In Experiments 1 and 2, stimuli were preceded by a temporal prime. In Experiment 3, participants performed the same task without any prime. Results replicated the congruency effect, demonstrating that it does not depend upon temporal word priming. Altogether, results suggest automatic activation of a left-right mental timeline during word recognition, reinforcing the claim that the concept of Time is grounded in movement through space.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2022
Accession Number: EJ1333837
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: As Time Goes By: Space-Time Compatibility Effects in Word Recognition
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Grasso%2C+Camille+L%2E%22">Grasso, Camille L.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7549-7395">0000-0002-7549-7395</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ziegler%2C+Johannes+C%2E%22">Ziegler, Johannes C.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-5729">0000-0002-2061-5729</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mirault%2C+Jonathan%22">Mirault, Jonathan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Coull%2C+Jennifer+T%2E%22">Coull, Jennifer T.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8790-5835">0000-0002-8790-5835</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Montant%2C+Marie%22">Montant, Marie</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5340-0361">0000-0002-5340-0361</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Experimental+Psychology%3A+Learning%2C+Memory%2C+and+Cognition%22"><i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition</i></searchLink>. Feb 2022 48(2):304-319.
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  Data: American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org
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  Data: 16
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  Data: 2022
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Higher+Education%22">Higher Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="EL" term="%22Postsecondary+Education%22">Postsecondary Education</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Word+Recognition%22">Word Recognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Visual+Stimuli%22">Visual Stimuli</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time%22">Time</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spatial+Ability%22">Spatial Ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Verbs%22">Verbs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adults%22">Adults</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Morphemes%22">Morphemes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Handedness%22">Handedness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vocabulary%22">Vocabulary</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Semantics%22">Semantics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Validity%22">Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+Students%22">College Students</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22France%22">France</searchLink>
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  Label: Assessment and Survey Identifiers
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SU" term="%22Edinburgh+Handedness+Inventory%22">Edinburgh Handedness Inventory</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1037/xlm0001007
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  Data: The processing of time activates a spatial left-to-right mental timeline, where past events are "located" to the left and future events to the right. If past and future words activate this mental timeline, then the processing of such words should interfere with hand movements that go in the opposite direction. To test this hypothesis, we conducted 3 visual lexical decision tasks with conjugated (past/future) verbs and pseudoverbs. In Experiment 1, participants moved a pen to the right or left of a trackpad to indicate whether a visual stimulus was a real word or not. Grammatical time and hand movements for yes responses went in the same direction in the congruent condition (e.g., past tense/leftward movement) but in opposite directions in the incongruent condition. Analyses showed that space-time incongruency significantly increased reaction times. In Experiment 2, we investigated the role of movement in this effect. Participants performed the same task by responding with a trackpad or a mouse, both of which required lateral movement through space, or a static keypress. We again obtained the space-time congruency effect, but only when the decision required movement through space. In Experiments 1 and 2, stimuli were preceded by a temporal prime. In Experiment 3, participants performed the same task without any prime. Results replicated the congruency effect, demonstrating that it does not depend upon temporal word priming. Altogether, results suggest automatic activation of a left-right mental timeline during word recognition, reinforcing the claim that the concept of Time is grounded in movement through space.
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        Value: 10.1037/xlm0001007
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 304
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Word Recognition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Visual Stimuli
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      – SubjectFull: Time
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      – SubjectFull: France
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      – SubjectFull: Edinburgh Handedness Inventory
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      – TitleFull: As Time Goes By: Space-Time Compatibility Effects in Word Recognition
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