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A Formative Evaluation of an Adolescent Online E-Cigarette Prevention Program

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Title: A Formative Evaluation of an Adolescent Online E-Cigarette Prevention Program
Language: English
Authors: Merrill, Ray M. (ORCID 0000-0002-4201-0704), Hanson, Carl L. (ORCID 0000-0002-0792-3372)
Source: Health Education. 2022 122(6):617-632.
Availability: Emerald Publishing Limited. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: +44-1274-785201; e-mail: emerald@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emerald.com/insight
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 16
Publication Date: 2022
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Smoking, Health Behavior, Risk, Adolescents, Early Adolescents, Gender Differences, Age Differences, Self Efficacy, Racial Differences, Minority Groups, Health Programs, Prevention, Adolescent Attitudes, Program Evaluation
Geographic Terms: Utah
DOI: 10.1108/HE-06-2021-0092
ISSN: 0965-4283
1758-714X
Abstract: Purpose: This study is a formative evaluation of an adolescent online e-cigarette prevention program (Clearing the Vapor) giving attention to identifying higher risk adolescent populations, confirming the theory of change, and assessing short-term outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: The evaluation was conducted using online pre-test and post-test survey data collected from adolescent program participants age 10-18 from 2019 to 2021. Analyses included risk ratios on perceived risk, self-efficacy, and behavioral intentions across demographic variables. Pre-test and post-test comparisons were conducted with analysis involving the t-test and the McNemar test. Findings: Prevalence of e-cigarette use was higher among males, older adolescents, and in racial/ethnic groups other than Whites and Asians. Adolescents with lower confidence to say "no" were more likely to use e-cigarettes. Greater perception of harm by using e-cigarettes increased the likelihood of adolescents feeling competent to explain to peers the harmful effects of e-cigarettes. Mean change in commitment levels to not use e-cigarettes increased for males and females, all ages, and racial/ethnic groups other than non-Hispanic Blacks and American Indians. Improvement in non-Hispanic Whites was significantly greater than for non-Hispanic Blacks, American Indians, and Hispanics. Originality/value: Improvement in programming should give careful attention to the incorporation of more prevention activities and to materials tailored specifically to racial/ethnic participants. As a theory of change, findings support the utility of the Clearing the Vape prevention programming to address perceptions of harm that e-cigarettes are safe, confidence in explaining the harmful effects of use, and the development of skills to resist use.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2022
Accession Number: EJ1354621
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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PubType: Academic Journal
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IllustrationInfo
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  Label: Title
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  Data: A Formative Evaluation of an Adolescent Online E-Cigarette Prevention Program
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  Label: Language
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  Data: English
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Merrill%2C+Ray+M%2E%22">Merrill, Ray M.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-0704">0000-0002-4201-0704</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hanson%2C+Carl+L%2E%22">Hanson, Carl L.</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0792-3372">0000-0002-0792-3372</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Health+Education%22"><i>Health Education</i></searchLink>. 2022 122(6):617-632.
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  Data: Emerald Publishing Limited. Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 1WA, UK. Tel: +44-1274-777700; Fax: +44-1274-785201; e-mail: emerald@emeraldinsight.com; Web site: http://www.emerald.com/insight
– Name: PeerReviewed
  Label: Peer Reviewed
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 16
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  Data: 2022
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Label: Descriptors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Smoking%22">Smoking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+Behavior%22">Health Behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk%22">Risk</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescents%22">Adolescents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Early+Adolescents%22">Early Adolescents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+Differences%22">Gender Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+Differences%22">Age Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self+Efficacy%22">Self Efficacy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Racial+Differences%22">Racial Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Minority+Groups%22">Minority Groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+Programs%22">Health Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prevention%22">Prevention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescent+Attitudes%22">Adolescent Attitudes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Program+Evaluation%22">Program Evaluation</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Utah%22">Utah</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1108/HE-06-2021-0092
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 0965-4283<br />1758-714X
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: This study is a formative evaluation of an adolescent online e-cigarette prevention program (Clearing the Vapor) giving attention to identifying higher risk adolescent populations, confirming the theory of change, and assessing short-term outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: The evaluation was conducted using online pre-test and post-test survey data collected from adolescent program participants age 10-18 from 2019 to 2021. Analyses included risk ratios on perceived risk, self-efficacy, and behavioral intentions across demographic variables. Pre-test and post-test comparisons were conducted with analysis involving the t-test and the McNemar test. Findings: Prevalence of e-cigarette use was higher among males, older adolescents, and in racial/ethnic groups other than Whites and Asians. Adolescents with lower confidence to say "no" were more likely to use e-cigarettes. Greater perception of harm by using e-cigarettes increased the likelihood of adolescents feeling competent to explain to peers the harmful effects of e-cigarettes. Mean change in commitment levels to not use e-cigarettes increased for males and females, all ages, and racial/ethnic groups other than non-Hispanic Blacks and American Indians. Improvement in non-Hispanic Whites was significantly greater than for non-Hispanic Blacks, American Indians, and Hispanics. Originality/value: Improvement in programming should give careful attention to the incorporation of more prevention activities and to materials tailored specifically to racial/ethnic participants. As a theory of change, findings support the utility of the Clearing the Vape prevention programming to address perceptions of harm that e-cigarettes are safe, confidence in explaining the harmful effects of use, and the development of skills to resist use.
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  Data: 2022
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  Label: Accession Number
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  Data: EJ1354621
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        Value: 10.1108/HE-06-2021-0092
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 617
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Smoking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health Behavior
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      – SubjectFull: Risk
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      – SubjectFull: Early Adolescents
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      – SubjectFull: Gender Differences
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      – SubjectFull: Self Efficacy
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      – SubjectFull: Racial Differences
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      – SubjectFull: Minority Groups
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      – SubjectFull: Health Programs
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      – SubjectFull: Prevention
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      – SubjectFull: Adolescent Attitudes
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      – SubjectFull: Program Evaluation
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      – SubjectFull: Utah
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      – TitleFull: A Formative Evaluation of an Adolescent Online E-Cigarette Prevention Program
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