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Speech Sound Disorder or DLD (Phonology)? Towards a Consensus Agreement on Terminology

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Title: Speech Sound Disorder or DLD (Phonology)? Towards a Consensus Agreement on Terminology
Language: English
Authors: Helen Stringer (ORCID 0000-0002-7470-2166), Joanne Cleland (ORCID 0000-0002-0660-1646), Yvonne Wren (ORCID 0000-0002-1575-453X), Rachel Rees (ORCID 0000-0002-7627-9509), Pam Williams
Source: International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders. 2024 59(6):2131-2145.
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 15
Publication Date: 2024
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Speech Impairments, Phonology, Language Impairments, Developmental Delays, Intervention, Evidence Based Practice, Vocabulary, Clinical Diagnosis, Allied Health Personnel, Foreign Countries, Decision Making, Language Usage, Children, Speech Therapy, Speech Language Pathology
Geographic Terms: United Kingdom
DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.12989
ISSN: 1368-2822
1460-6984
Abstract: Background: The publication of phase 2 of the CATALISE project in 2017 clarified terminology for children with developmental language disorder (DLD) or delay but unintentionally muddied the water for children with unintelligible speech. A diagnostic label of DLD (phonology) indicates poor prognosis and phonological disorder that persists into middle childhood. However, in contrast to other diagnostic labels that fall under the overarching term of speech sound disorder (SSD), DLD (phonology) does not elucidate the characteristics of the child's speech nor does it point us in the direction of appropriate intervention. Aims: The aim of this paper is to discuss terminology in SSD leading to an evidence-based model which builds on the model of DLD developed in CATALISE, supports descriptive diagnosis and signposts intervention. Methods: Following a focused review of literature proposing or describing terminology for SSD, an expert group of researchers in developmental SSD proposed a revised model of existing terminology. Groups of UK speech and language therapists (SLTs) who provide services for children with SSD were asked to comment on its acceptability and feasibility. Discussion: A three-level terminology model was developed. This comprised an overarching Level 1 term; Level 2 terms that differentiated SSD of unknown origin from SSD with associated or underlying conditions; and specific diagnostic terms at Level 3 to support further assessment and intervention decisions. Consulted SLTs generally expressed agreement with the proposed terminology and a willingness to adopt it in practice. Conclusions: Existing terminology for childhood SSD provides a good basis for clinical decision-making. A modified version of Dodd's (2005) terminology was found to be acceptable to UK SLTs. There is an evident overlap of SSD with CATALISE terminology. However more detailed and specialist terminology than 'DLD (phonology)' is required to support clinical decision-making. It is proposed that endorsement by the UK Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists would obviate the need for a Delphi process.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2024
Accession Number: EJ1448794
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Speech Sound Disorder or DLD (Phonology)? Towards a Consensus Agreement on Terminology
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Helen+Stringer%22">Helen Stringer</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7470-2166">0000-0002-7470-2166</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Joanne+Cleland%22">Joanne Cleland</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-1646">0000-0002-0660-1646</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yvonne+Wren%22">Yvonne Wren</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1575-453X">0000-0002-1575-453X</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rachel+Rees%22">Rachel Rees</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7627-9509">0000-0002-7627-9509</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pam+Williams%22">Pam Williams</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22International+Journal+of+Language+%26+Communication+Disorders%22"><i>International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders</i></searchLink>. 2024 59(6):2131-2145.
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+Impairments%22">Speech Impairments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phonology%22">Phonology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Impairments%22">Language Impairments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Developmental+Delays%22">Developmental Delays</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intervention%22">Intervention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evidence+Based+Practice%22">Evidence Based Practice</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vocabulary%22">Vocabulary</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clinical+Diagnosis%22">Clinical Diagnosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Allied+Health+Personnel%22">Allied Health Personnel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Decision+Making%22">Decision Making</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Usage%22">Language Usage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+Therapy%22">Speech Therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+Language+Pathology%22">Speech Language Pathology</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+Kingdom%22">United Kingdom</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1111/1460-6984.12989
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  Data: 1368-2822<br />1460-6984
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: The publication of phase 2 of the CATALISE project in 2017 clarified terminology for children with developmental language disorder (DLD) or delay but unintentionally muddied the water for children with unintelligible speech. A diagnostic label of DLD (phonology) indicates poor prognosis and phonological disorder that persists into middle childhood. However, in contrast to other diagnostic labels that fall under the overarching term of speech sound disorder (SSD), DLD (phonology) does not elucidate the characteristics of the child's speech nor does it point us in the direction of appropriate intervention. Aims: The aim of this paper is to discuss terminology in SSD leading to an evidence-based model which builds on the model of DLD developed in CATALISE, supports descriptive diagnosis and signposts intervention. Methods: Following a focused review of literature proposing or describing terminology for SSD, an expert group of researchers in developmental SSD proposed a revised model of existing terminology. Groups of UK speech and language therapists (SLTs) who provide services for children with SSD were asked to comment on its acceptability and feasibility. Discussion: A three-level terminology model was developed. This comprised an overarching Level 1 term; Level 2 terms that differentiated SSD of unknown origin from SSD with associated or underlying conditions; and specific diagnostic terms at Level 3 to support further assessment and intervention decisions. Consulted SLTs generally expressed agreement with the proposed terminology and a willingness to adopt it in practice. Conclusions: Existing terminology for childhood SSD provides a good basis for clinical decision-making. A modified version of Dodd's (2005) terminology was found to be acceptable to UK SLTs. There is an evident overlap of SSD with CATALISE terminology. However more detailed and specialist terminology than 'DLD (phonology)' is required to support clinical decision-making. It is proposed that endorsement by the UK Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists would obviate the need for a Delphi process.
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