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Effects of Different Online Modes on Negotiation of Meaning for Learners of Chinese as a Foreign Language -- An Exploratory Study

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Title: Effects of Different Online Modes on Negotiation of Meaning for Learners of Chinese as a Foreign Language -- An Exploratory Study
Language: English
Authors: Jing Yan, Scott Grant, Hui Huang
Source: Educational Technology & Society. 2025 28(1):161-177.
Availability: International Forum of Educational Technology & Society. Available from: National Yunlin University of Science and Technology. No. 123, Section 3, Daxue Road, Douliu City, Yunlin County, Taiwan 64002. e-mail: journal.ets@gmail.com; Web site: https://www.j-ets.net/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 17
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Teaching Methods, Task Analysis, Computer Mediated Communication, Computer Simulation, Videoconferencing, Audio Equipment, Learning Strategies, College Students, Speech Communication, Discourse Analysis, Video Games, Interaction Process Analysis, Learning Processes, Online Courses, Mandarin Chinese, Introductory Courses, Foreign Countries
Geographic Terms: Australia
DOI: 10.30191/ETS.202501_28(1).RP09?
ISSN: 1176-3647
1436-4522
Abstract: Many studies have examined the factors that influence second language interaction, such as task type and communication mode, i.e., face-to-face and computer-mediated communication through online mode. However, there is a paucity of research that has investigated the effects of task type on negotiation of meaning (NoM), a specific type of interaction, via different online modes, such as video/audio/text-based tools and virtual worlds. This study examined how the task type and online modes (Zoom and Second Life, a 3D virtual world) influenced NoM strategies among thirty-four university students learning Chinese as a foreign language. Participants were paired up and then participated in either a Zoom group or a Second Life group. Both groups completed the same information gap task and decision-making task. The recorded oral interactions were analysed in terms of the amount of talk, time on tasks, and NoM strategies. The findings showed that the information gap task produced more target language and NoM strategies than the decision-making task. Additionally, Zoom elicited more target language than Second Life, whereas Second Life produced more NoM strategies than Zoom. A potential interaction effect between task type and online mode on NoM strategies was also identified. The study sheds light on the factors that affected foreign language interaction and provides insights into the affordances that different online modes could provide to foreign language teaching and learning.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1462485
Database: ERIC
FullText Links:
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  Data: Effects of Different Online Modes on Negotiation of Meaning for Learners of Chinese as a Foreign Language -- An Exploratory Study
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jing+Yan%22">Jing Yan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scott+Grant%22">Scott Grant</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hui+Huang%22">Hui Huang</searchLink>
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  Data: International Forum of Educational Technology & Society. Available from: National Yunlin University of Science and Technology. No. 123, Section 3, Daxue Road, Douliu City, Yunlin County, Taiwan 64002. e-mail: journal.ets@gmail.com; Web site: https://www.j-ets.net/
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  Data: 17
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Second+Language+Learning%22">Second Language Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Second+Language+Instruction%22">Second Language Instruction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teaching+Methods%22">Teaching Methods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Task+Analysis%22">Task Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+Mediated+Communication%22">Computer Mediated Communication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+Simulation%22">Computer Simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Videoconferencing%22">Videoconferencing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Audio+Equipment%22">Audio Equipment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+Strategies%22">Learning Strategies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22College+Students%22">College Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+Communication%22">Speech Communication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Discourse+Analysis%22">Discourse Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Video+Games%22">Video Games</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interaction+Process+Analysis%22">Interaction Process Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+Processes%22">Learning Processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Online+Courses%22">Online Courses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mandarin+Chinese%22">Mandarin Chinese</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Introductory+Courses%22">Introductory Courses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Australia%22">Australia</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.30191/ETS.202501_28(1).RP09?
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  Data: 1176-3647<br />1436-4522
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Many studies have examined the factors that influence second language interaction, such as task type and communication mode, i.e., face-to-face and computer-mediated communication through online mode. However, there is a paucity of research that has investigated the effects of task type on negotiation of meaning (NoM), a specific type of interaction, via different online modes, such as video/audio/text-based tools and virtual worlds. This study examined how the task type and online modes (Zoom and Second Life, a 3D virtual world) influenced NoM strategies among thirty-four university students learning Chinese as a foreign language. Participants were paired up and then participated in either a Zoom group or a Second Life group. Both groups completed the same information gap task and decision-making task. The recorded oral interactions were analysed in terms of the amount of talk, time on tasks, and NoM strategies. The findings showed that the information gap task produced more target language and NoM strategies than the decision-making task. Additionally, Zoom elicited more target language than Second Life, whereas Second Life produced more NoM strategies than Zoom. A potential interaction effect between task type and online mode on NoM strategies was also identified. The study sheds light on the factors that affected foreign language interaction and provides insights into the affordances that different online modes could provide to foreign language teaching and learning.
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        Value: 10.30191/ETS.202501_28(1).RP09?
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 161
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Second Language Learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Second Language Instruction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teaching Methods
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      – SubjectFull: Task Analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Computer Mediated Communication
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      – SubjectFull: Computer Simulation
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      – SubjectFull: Audio Equipment
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      – SubjectFull: Learning Strategies
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      – SubjectFull: College Students
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      – SubjectFull: Video Games
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      – SubjectFull: Interaction Process Analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Learning Processes
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      – SubjectFull: Online Courses
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      – SubjectFull: Mandarin Chinese
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      – TitleFull: Effects of Different Online Modes on Negotiation of Meaning for Learners of Chinese as a Foreign Language -- An Exploratory Study
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              Y: 2025
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