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COVID-19 Mitigation Policies, Politics, and Structural Vulnerability in the United States

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Title: COVID-19 Mitigation Policies, Politics, and Structural Vulnerability in the United States
Language: English
Authors: Lisa Cacari Stone (ORCID 0000-0003-0357-3413), Blake Boursaw (ORCID 0000-0001-9432-8987), Usamah Wasif, Yiliang Zhu (ORCID 0000-0002-6403-3050)
Source: Health Education & Behavior. 2025 52(1):45-52.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 8
Publication Date: 2025
Sponsoring Agency: National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) (DHHS/NIH)
Contract Number: 5U54MD00481110
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, Public Health, At Risk Persons, Government Role, Public Policy, State Government, Political Influences, Social Influences, Minority Groups, Racial Differences, Ethnicity, Rural Areas, Racism, Socioeconomic Status, Access to Health Care, Housing, Family Characteristics, Death
DOI: 10.1177/10901981251346814
ISSN: 1090-1981
1552-6127
Abstract: During the early months of the U.S. COVID-19 outbreak, the distribution of morbidity and mortality starkly reflected preexisting social determinants of health. Socially vulnerable racial and ethnic populations endured not only the highest number of cases and death rates, but the earliest age mortality. In addition, early government responses to COVID-19 pandemic varied at the state level, while the federal government failed to take immediate policy action to this public health emergency. Drawing from public-use data, we used statistical and econometric modeling techniques to investigate political, structural, and policy determinants of health outcomes during the pandemic. We also investigated the intersecting impacts of these responses on COVID-19 cases in the context of preexisting social vulnerability. Results indicate that partisanship and political ideologies significantly influenced variation in state-level responses. We also found that preexisting social vulnerabilities shaped the observed effectiveness of governmental interventions. Our findings underscore the need to tackle structural vulnerabilities as a more comprehensive policy approach to mitigating the harms of pandemics. Our results also suggest that state governments that resemble inclusive decision-making processes that prioritize the needs of the most impacted communities are more equipped to respond to pandemics. Our study underscores the complex interplay between political dynamics and social determinants of health during a public health emergency, with implications for future pandemic preparedness.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1478052
Database: ERIC
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  Data: COVID-19 Mitigation Policies, Politics, and Structural Vulnerability in the United States
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lisa+Cacari+Stone%22">Lisa Cacari Stone</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0357-3413">0000-0003-0357-3413</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blake+Boursaw%22">Blake Boursaw</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9432-8987">0000-0001-9432-8987</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Usamah+Wasif%22">Usamah Wasif</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yiliang+Zhu%22">Yiliang Zhu</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-3050">0000-0002-6403-3050</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Health+Education+%26+Behavior%22"><i>Health Education & Behavior</i></searchLink>. 2025 52(1):45-52.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
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  Data: 8
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) (DHHS/NIH)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19%22">COVID-19</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pandemics%22">Pandemics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+Health%22">Public Health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22At+Risk+Persons%22">At Risk Persons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Government+Role%22">Government Role</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+Policy%22">Public Policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22State+Government%22">State Government</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Political+Influences%22">Political Influences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+Influences%22">Social Influences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Minority+Groups%22">Minority Groups</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Racial+Differences%22">Racial Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ethnicity%22">Ethnicity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rural+Areas%22">Rural Areas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Racism%22">Racism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Socioeconomic+Status%22">Socioeconomic Status</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Access+to+Health+Care%22">Access to Health Care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Housing%22">Housing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Family+Characteristics%22">Family Characteristics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Death%22">Death</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/10901981251346814
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  Data: 1090-1981<br />1552-6127
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  Data: During the early months of the U.S. COVID-19 outbreak, the distribution of morbidity and mortality starkly reflected preexisting social determinants of health. Socially vulnerable racial and ethnic populations endured not only the highest number of cases and death rates, but the earliest age mortality. In addition, early government responses to COVID-19 pandemic varied at the state level, while the federal government failed to take immediate policy action to this public health emergency. Drawing from public-use data, we used statistical and econometric modeling techniques to investigate political, structural, and policy determinants of health outcomes during the pandemic. We also investigated the intersecting impacts of these responses on COVID-19 cases in the context of preexisting social vulnerability. Results indicate that partisanship and political ideologies significantly influenced variation in state-level responses. We also found that preexisting social vulnerabilities shaped the observed effectiveness of governmental interventions. Our findings underscore the need to tackle structural vulnerabilities as a more comprehensive policy approach to mitigating the harms of pandemics. Our results also suggest that state governments that resemble inclusive decision-making processes that prioritize the needs of the most impacted communities are more equipped to respond to pandemics. Our study underscores the complex interplay between political dynamics and social determinants of health during a public health emergency, with implications for future pandemic preparedness.
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: EJ1478052
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=eric&AN=EJ1478052
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        Value: 10.1177/10901981251346814
    Languages:
      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 45
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: COVID-19
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pandemics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Public Health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: At Risk Persons
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      – SubjectFull: Government Role
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Public Policy
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      – SubjectFull: State Government
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      – SubjectFull: Political Influences
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      – SubjectFull: Social Influences
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      – SubjectFull: Minority Groups
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      – SubjectFull: Racial Differences
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      – SubjectFull: Ethnicity
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      – SubjectFull: Rural Areas
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      – SubjectFull: Racism
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      – SubjectFull: Socioeconomic Status
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      – SubjectFull: Access to Health Care
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      – SubjectFull: Housing
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      – SubjectFull: Family Characteristics
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      – SubjectFull: Death
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      – TitleFull: COVID-19 Mitigation Policies, Politics, and Structural Vulnerability in the United States
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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