Note-by-Note Predictability Modulates Rhythm Learning and Its Neural Components

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Note-by-Note Predictability Modulates Rhythm Learning and Its Neural Components
Language: English
Authors: Marc Deosdad-Díez, Josep Marco-Pallarés
Source: npj Science of Learning. 2025 10.
Availability: Nature Portfolio. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://www.nature.com/npjscilearn/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 10
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Prediction, Language Rhythm, Music, Auditory Perception, Musicians, Brain, Performance, Error Patterns, Auditory Stimuli
DOI: 10.1038/s41539-025-00353-y
ISSN: 2056-7936
Abstract: Rhythm production requires the integration of perceptual predictions and performance monitoring mechanisms to adjust actions, yet the role of auditory prediction remains underexplored. To address this, electroencephalography was recorded from 70 non-musicians as they synchronized with and reproduced rhythms containing notes of varying predictability. Participants were split into three groups, each receiving different visual cues to aid rhythm perception. Behaviorally, higher asynchrony occurred with less predictable notes. However, participants who viewed rhythms as distances between lines showed improved timing. EEG revealed that the Error Negativity component seems to reflect prediction error, increasing only when errors were clear and expected. When perceptual predictability was low, Ne response was reduced. The Error Positivity component, however, was heightened by both performance errors and unpredictable stimuli, highlighting the salience of such events. Overall, predictability plays a key role in shaping the neural and behavioral mechanisms underlying rhythm production.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1481708
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Nature Portfolio. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://www.nature.com/npjscilearn/
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  Data: Rhythm production requires the integration of perceptual predictions and performance monitoring mechanisms to adjust actions, yet the role of auditory prediction remains underexplored. To address this, electroencephalography was recorded from 70 non-musicians as they synchronized with and reproduced rhythms containing notes of varying predictability. Participants were split into three groups, each receiving different visual cues to aid rhythm perception. Behaviorally, higher asynchrony occurred with less predictable notes. However, participants who viewed rhythms as distances between lines showed improved timing. EEG revealed that the Error Negativity component seems to reflect prediction error, increasing only when errors were clear and expected. When perceptual predictability was low, Ne response was reduced. The Error Positivity component, however, was heightened by both performance errors and unpredictable stimuli, highlighting the salience of such events. Overall, predictability plays a key role in shaping the neural and behavioral mechanisms underlying rhythm production.
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  Data: 2025
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