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Multimodal Cluster Analysis of Medical Residents' Emotions during High-Fidelity Harassment Bystander Simulation

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Title: Multimodal Cluster Analysis of Medical Residents' Emotions during High-Fidelity Harassment Bystander Simulation
Language: English
Authors: Byunghoon Ahn (ORCID 0000-0003-2175-8446), Negar Matin, Myriam Johnson, So Yeon Lee (ORCID 0000-0002-4265-2512), Ning-Zi Sun, Jason M. Harley (ORCID 0000-0002-2061-9519)
Source: Journal of Computer Assisted Learning. 2025 41(5).
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 18
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Medical Students, Psychological Patterns, Bullying, Prevention, Simulation, Arousal Patterns, Medical Education, Self Control, Authentic Learning, Emotional Response, Training, Psychophysiology
DOI: 10.1111/jcal.70099
ISSN: 0266-4909
1365-2729
Abstract: Background: High fidelity simulations can be an effective tool for anti-harassment education. While emotions have been identified as crucial in simulation-based education, their role in anti-harassment education within medical training remains underexplored. Objectives: We aimed to investigate emotional profiles of medical residents during harassment bystander simulation training via hierarchical clustering based on multimodal emotions data. Methods: Twenty seven internal medicine residents with complete data sets that were part of a larger study were recruited. Emotions were captured through self-report surveys, an electronic bracelet that records electrodermal activity, and speech content analysis based on the residents' simulation debriefing. The study involved residents performing a simulated central line insertion while a simulated harassment took place that they could use to practice intervening in harassment. Results: Our cluster analysis revealed three equal-sized groups: 'Emotionally Balanced, Minimal Arousal', 'Positive, Spiked Arousal' and 'Negative High Arousal'. The clusters had distinct levels of self-report emotions and electrodermal activity. Content analysis revealed distinct emotions, and sources of emotions between the clusters. Post hoc analysis revealed that the 'Emotionally Balanced, Minimal Arousal' group showed a higher propensity for directly confronting the harasser, indicating a composed emotional state conducive to focusing on simulation objectives. Conclusions: Our findings reveal the varied emotional profiles that can be expected in simulation-based medical education and underscore the value of a multimodal approach to understanding these dynamics. Furthermore, the study highlights the criticality of recognising the sources of emotions and promoting effective emotion regulation strategies, especially in authentic learning environments where emotional responses are complex and impactful.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1484329
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Multimodal Cluster Analysis of Medical Residents' Emotions during High-Fidelity Harassment Bystander Simulation
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Byunghoon+Ahn%22">Byunghoon Ahn</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2175-8446">0000-0003-2175-8446</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Negar+Matin%22">Negar Matin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Myriam+Johnson%22">Myriam Johnson</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22So+Yeon+Lee%22">So Yeon Lee</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4265-2512">0000-0002-4265-2512</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ning-Zi+Sun%22">Ning-Zi Sun</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jason+M%2E+Harley%22">Jason M. Harley</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2061-9519">0000-0002-2061-9519</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Computer+Assisted+Learning%22"><i>Journal of Computer Assisted Learning</i></searchLink>. 2025 41(5).
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: 18
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+Students%22">Medical Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+Patterns%22">Psychological Patterns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bullying%22">Bullying</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prevention%22">Prevention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Simulation%22">Simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Arousal+Patterns%22">Arousal Patterns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+Education%22">Medical Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Self+Control%22">Self Control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Authentic+Learning%22">Authentic Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotional+Response%22">Emotional Response</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Training%22">Training</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychophysiology%22">Psychophysiology</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
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  Data: 10.1111/jcal.70099
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 0266-4909<br />1365-2729
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: High fidelity simulations can be an effective tool for anti-harassment education. While emotions have been identified as crucial in simulation-based education, their role in anti-harassment education within medical training remains underexplored. Objectives: We aimed to investigate emotional profiles of medical residents during harassment bystander simulation training via hierarchical clustering based on multimodal emotions data. Methods: Twenty seven internal medicine residents with complete data sets that were part of a larger study were recruited. Emotions were captured through self-report surveys, an electronic bracelet that records electrodermal activity, and speech content analysis based on the residents' simulation debriefing. The study involved residents performing a simulated central line insertion while a simulated harassment took place that they could use to practice intervening in harassment. Results: Our cluster analysis revealed three equal-sized groups: 'Emotionally Balanced, Minimal Arousal', 'Positive, Spiked Arousal' and 'Negative High Arousal'. The clusters had distinct levels of self-report emotions and electrodermal activity. Content analysis revealed distinct emotions, and sources of emotions between the clusters. Post hoc analysis revealed that the 'Emotionally Balanced, Minimal Arousal' group showed a higher propensity for directly confronting the harasser, indicating a composed emotional state conducive to focusing on simulation objectives. Conclusions: Our findings reveal the varied emotional profiles that can be expected in simulation-based medical education and underscore the value of a multimodal approach to understanding these dynamics. Furthermore, the study highlights the criticality of recognising the sources of emotions and promoting effective emotion regulation strategies, especially in authentic learning environments where emotional responses are complex and impactful.
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  Data: 2025
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      – SubjectFull: Medical Students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological Patterns
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      – SubjectFull: Bullying
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      – SubjectFull: Prevention
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